aminoglycosides Flashcards
what is the class of these drugs
protein synthesis inhibitors that work on the 30s ribosomal subunit
what drugs are in this subclass
gentamycin, amikacin, tobramycin, streptomycin.
mechanism of action
oxygen dependent active transport across the membrane binds to 30s subunit and interferes with the initiation complex. inhibits protein synthesis.
what is the resistance to these drugs>
reduced uptake or decreased permeability, altered ribosomal binding sites, enzymatic alteration.
spectrum
gram (+) active against enterococcus. cannot give as monotherapy. gram (-): enterobactericae, pseudomonas.
what do these drugs not work on?
anaerobes.
clinical uses
gram (-) sepsis, UTI, sombination with ampicillin, vancomycin for enterococcal. combine with penicillin for viridans endocarditis
how are these drugs eliminated
almost exclusively by the urine
what are the SE
nephrotoxic. ototoxic (risk increased with loop diuretic). neuromuscular block.