Ameloeogenesis Imperfecta Flashcards
Assess 8-year old child and spot brown discolouration through dentition. Child is F+W and have good OH. What is differential dx?
Trauma
Medication
Infection
Genetic
How can staining of teeth be caused?
Can be extrinsic - food/ drink and smoking or intrinsic causes
What medication can cause generalised staining of the teeth?
Tetracycline - inc taken during pregnancy or under 12 years
What are stained teeth caused by infection called?
Turners teeth
What are examples of genetic staining?
AI/ DI
How does AI present?
AI affects enamel formation and discolouration is from browner dentine showing through
How does DI present?
Intact enamel but poorly formed dentine - teeth appear translucent
What types of DI is there?
4 types
DI type I is associated w/ osteogenesis imperfecta
What is fluorosis?
Caused by excessive fluoride intake
Affect formation of enamel leading to widespread discolouration
What questions are useful to help determine cause of discolouration?
Duration - how long, did it affect baby teeth
MH and drug hx
FH
SH - area w/ fluoridated water
What is the clinical presentation of AI?
Teeth appear smaller, discoloured, pitted or groove, prone to rapid wear
Delayed eruption, short roots, trauodontism
What dentition does AI affect?
Both primary and permanent dentition
What are 3 classifications of AI?
Hypoplastic
Hypocalcified
Hypomature
How does hypo plastic AI present?
Enamel of reduced thickness w/ pitting and grooves in enamel
How does hypo calcified AI present?
Opaque and chalky areas
Wears quickly
What does hypo mature AI present?
Enamel is of normal thickness but has mottled appearance
What causes AI?
Genetic condition - caused single gene mutation
What are the CO from someone w/ AI?
Appearance - discoloured and small
Sensitivity due poor-quality enamel
Poor OH due to sensitivity
What are stages of managing pt w/ AI?
Prevention
Stabilisation
Maintenance
How to restore teeth w/ AI?
Initially restore w/ composite and FS. As permanent dentiotn/ maturation gingiva margin may need to consider crown lengthening/ indirect restorations
Should AI pt be managed in primary care?
Often require specialist input as require complex tx inc XLA/ fixed prosthesis
