Alterations in Fxn of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas Flashcards
What are the majority of gallstones composed of in the US?
cholesterol
What are the 3 phases a cholesterol stone (cholelithasis)?
- supersaturation of bile with cholesterol
2, nucleation crystals - hypomotility allowing stone growth
What is the chief complication of chronic cholelithiasis?
intermittent biliary colic (gallbladder attack when pain occurs due to a gallstone temp blocking the bile duct) the pain radiates to the back and is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, sweating and flatus
What component of bile helps keep cholesterol from precipitating into crystals?
lecithin
The most serious consequence of acute pancreatitis resulting from biliary obstruction is
the development of circulatory shock
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis raises the threat of what devastating sequela?
multisystem organ dysfxn
The chronic inflammatory lesions in the pancreas and persistence of symptoms seen in chronic pancreatitis are most frequently the complications of
alcohol consumption
The treatment for chronic pancreatitis is primarily directed toward which of the following? Which is most challenging?
prevention of complications, treatment of endocrine insufficiency, and pain relief (most challenging)
The primary aim of treatment of acute pancreatitis is to
reduce pancreatic secretion
Which serum enzyme is the most specific for diagnosing acute pancreatitis?
lipase
What and where is bile produced?
by the heptatocytes in the liver and stored in the gallbladder
What are the main components of bile?
bile acids, pigment, cholesterol and phospholipids
Why is bile important?
route for excretion of waste products, particularly bilirubin
How is the contraction of the gallbladder regulated?
hormonally and neurally
In cholelithiasis obstruction of what is present in nearly all patients?
cystic duct
