Allergic DO including hay fever Flashcards
________ are one of the most common
causes of food-induced anaphylaxis in adults
Peanuts
Another special case is the___________, in which people with some degree of seasonal allergy to grass pollens or birch pollen suffer oral itch and swelling when they come into contact with certain fruits.
oral allergy syndrome
The development of urticaria on contact with latex is highly suggestive of underlying______
type 1 hypersensitivity
__________refers to those 40% of people who have an
inherited tendency for an exaggerated IgE antibody
response to common environmental antigens
Atopy
Of those who are atopic, onehalf
to one-third manifest an allergic disorder, most
commonly
1
2
3
4
allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis or allergic gastroenteropathy
MC manifestation of inhalant allergies
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma are the main
manifestations
The history provides a strong pointer to the causative allergen. If symptoms are seasonal,_______ is most likely; perennial symptoms indicate an allergy to _____
pollen allergy
dust mites, household pets or moulds.
A_________ is an adverse reaction to a
specific food or food ingredient. It is regarded as a
food allergy if the reaction is immune based
food intolerance
Food allergies can be simply classified as:
1
2
• immediate reactions—occurring within 2 hours
• delayed reactions—occur up to 24 hours after
ingestion
These are immediate immune-mediated responses to
a foreign protein that are relatively easy to diagnose.
IgE-mediated food reactions
Pathophysio of IgE mediated food reactions
Due to release of mast cell mediators
Cow’s milk can cross-react with_____ and ______
goat’s milk and soy protein
Examples of Non-IgE-mediated food reactions
This includes cow’s milk protein intolerance with both breast milk- and formula-fed infants
T or F
Non-IgE-mediated food reactions
Uncommon after 3 years of age—50% resolve in
1–2 years
T
For milk protein intolerance first-line treatment
is a formula containing_______
Don’t use soy-based formulas under_______
months since many are also soy protein intolerant.
cow’s milk protein hydrolysate.
6
This is seen in young infants usually <6 months and
it is usually due to cow’s milk, soy or cereals. It can be
seen in breastfed infants and older children
Food protein induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES)
SSx of Food protein induced enterocolitis
syndrome (FPIES)
A typical reaction is delayed onset of projectile vomiting and protracted diarrhoea
Dx of Food protein induced enterocolitis
syndrome (FPIES)
The stool contains blood and eosinophils.
_____________testing is indicated
where skin testing contraindicated
Radioallergosorbent (RAST)
The combination of _____ and _______ is dangerous, as evidenced by fatal or near-fatal reactions in young children
peanut allergy
and asthma
Example of Adult anaphylaxis kit
Autoinjector 300 mcg adrenaline 1:1000 IM injection
Inject into outer thigh muscle at first sign of swelling of
throat or tongue, or other reaction (e.g. breathlessness)
What vaccine may not be given for pts with egg allergy?
Current vaccinations do not include egg; it is present
in only minute amounts in the MMR vaccine
