Alimentary 4 - Intestines Flashcards
What are neoplasms called that arise from enteroendocrine cells?
Intestinal carcinoid
What type of cells in the intestine serve as portal of entry for some bacteria and viruses?
M cells
What are 5 defensive mechanisms of the intestinal tract?
Indigenous microflora
Intestinal motility
Epithelial turnover
bile salts
kupffer cells
Mucosal immunity
What is atresia?
atresia ani
atresia coli
Abnormal embryonic development resulting in lack of an intestinal segment and abnormal closure of a lumen
ani-anus
coli-colon
Whats a remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct/vitelline duct?
Persistant Meckels Diverticulum
Whats a congenital dz is well describe in white paint foals?
Congenital megacolon
What occurs due to developmental lack of myenteric plexus formation in the colon and rectum
Congenital megacolon
aka hirshsprungs dz
What gene is effected in Megacolon in white paint foals?
Homozygous mutation of the endothelin receptor type B gene (EDNRB)
What is an acquired megacolon secondary to?
Nerve damage
Trauma induced usually-hit by car.
What are your 3 main types of obstructions that can occur?
Intraluminal
Intramural
Extramural
What are some causes of intraluminal obstructions?
FB Enteroliths Trichobezoars/phytobezoars Parasites Impaction
Intramural Obstructions are caused by? 2
Intestinal Strictures from salmonella, and secondary to injury or surgery
Primary neoplasms-adenomas/adenocarcinomas
Reasons for Extramural obstructions?
Fibrous adhesions
Pedunculated lipomas
abdominal neoplasias
What kind of Incarcerations and strangulations can happen in horses?
Epiploic foramen entrapment
Mesenteric tears
Pedunculated lipomas can cause strangulation of a segmented intestine
What are your 4 external heriations?
Umbilical
Diaphragmatic
Inguinal/scrotal
Perineal