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Biochem > Alcoholism > Flashcards

Alcoholism Flashcards

1
Q

Alcohol = ___ kcal/g

A

7

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2
Q

___% of heavy drinkers’ daily calories come from alcohol

A

50

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3
Q

Alcoholism may affect ___-___% of patients seen at hospital

A

30-50

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4
Q

___% of cirrhosis cases are due to alcoholism

A

75

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5
Q

Alcohol is associated with _____ deaths annually

A

250,000

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6
Q

50% of certain Asians are deficient in an ____ isoenzyme

A

ALDH

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7
Q

Ethanol -> _____ -> acetate

A

acetaldehyde

note: NAD+ is electron acceptor

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8
Q

What are the metabolic effects of alcoholism?

A

lactic acidosis, ketosis
hypoglycemia
fatty liver
ketone body formation

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9
Q

Acetaldehyde is ____ reactive

A

glutathione

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10
Q

Acetaldehyde can react with ____ and effect membrane proteins

A

hemoglobin

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11
Q

Some of the proteins that can be effected by alcoholism and production of acetaldehyde are contractile proteins found where?

A

heart

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12
Q

Cyt P450 is part of the MEOS system and involved in drug and alcohol elimination. Alcohol may ___ some drug metabolism, while the MEOS system may ___ metabolism of other drugs.

A

depress; increase

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13
Q

1 oz of alcohol (86 proof) = ____ cal

A

71

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14
Q

1 “drink” = ___-___ cal

A

80-120

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15
Q

1 pint (86 proof) = ____ cal

A

1141

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16
Q

1 liter wine (12%) = ____ cal

A

673

17
Q

There is commonly abnormal nutrient levels in alcoholics. Explain why this can happen.

A 
inadequate food intake
poor meal choices
maldigestion
hyperexcretion of nutrients
nutrient requirements are increased due to alcoholism
18
Q

What are three neurologic consequences of alcoholism?

A

polyneuropathy; wernike-korsakoff syndrome; dementia - cortical degeneration

19
Q

How is fetal alcohol syndrome avoided?

A

NO ALCOHOL

20
Q

For the following two scenarios, which one is the result of acute alcohol intake and which one is the result of a chronic alcoholism state?
alcohol may depress some drug metabolism
MEOS system may increase metabolism of other drugs

A

Acute: alcohol may depress some drug metabolism (due to competition)
Chronic: MEOS system may increase metabolism of other drugs

Biochem (38 decks)

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