Aggression Flashcards
Hostile aggression has the intent to harm with…
Arousal and anger
Aggression involves:
Arousal and anger and intention to harm outside the rules
Instrumental aggression has the intent to harm with the goal…
To win
Causes of aggression are:
Physiological arousal
Underdeveloped moral reasoning
Theories of aggression:
Instinct theory Frustration aggression theory Social learning hypothesis Aggressive cue hypothesis Deindividuation
Instinct theory suggests that aggression is:
Innate and instinctive
Sport releases built-up aggression and the aggressive response is cathartic
Catharsis enables aggression to be released from the system and purges the person of:
Aggressive intent
Frustration aggression theory states that aggression is caused by:
Frustration as the sportsperson is being blocked in the achievement of a goal - causes a drive towards the source of frustration
Social learning theory suggests that aggression is:
Learned by observations of others’ behaviour. Then imitation of this aggressive behaviour is reinforced by social acceptance of the behaviour
Aggressive cue hypothesis stats that frustration causes anger and arousal which creates a:
Readiness for aggression
The aggression can be initiated by an incident during the performance or game so that the aggression is a learned response
Deindividuation concerns the fact that sometimes people behave differently when by themselves and when in a…
Crowd
Responsibility for aggression:
Influential others
Performer themselves
Ways to control aggressive:
Punish aggressive play
Reinforce assertive play
Reduce levels of arousal
Avoid aggressive situations
Governing bodies are responsible for player codes of conduct. They will:
Use strong officials where appropriate
Alter rules
Implement punishment
Reward fair-play
Coaches and players should promote ethical and sporting behaviour they should:
Control aggressive behaviour using stress management strategies and relaxation techniques
Initiate self-control strategies
Channelled aggression
Coaches should remove aggressive players
Avoid ‘win at all costs’ attitude
Channelled aggression is another more positive type if aggression when a performer is able to divert aggression into a
Positive action
Hostile aggression is the intention to harm outside the rules of the game. Often an emotional response to another performer or situation. The sole purpose is
To harm
Assertive behaviour is the use of physical force that is within the rules and ethics of a sport and is therefore
Legitimate
Individuals actions for PAP
Peers discourage aggressive behaviour
Coach actions for PAP
Substitute aggressive players
Draw up player-conduct contact
Governing body actions for PAP
Code of conduct
Punish aggressive players, especially role models
Individuals actions for RAP
Praise others
Coach’s action for RAP
Praise assertiveness in team talks
Show assertive role models
Governing body’s actions for RAP
Fair play awards
Individuals actions for RLA
Use mental rehearsal and stress management techniques
Channel aggression
Be aware of aggressive cues
Coach’s actions for RLA
Do not over arouse pre-match
Focus on process as well as outcome goals
Not ‘win-at-all-costs’ attitude
Understand each individual’s aggression levels and cues
Governing body’s actions for RLA
Educate referees to lower match temperature
Discuss with coaches
Coach education programmes
Individuals actions for AAS
Learn to walk away
Mark another player
Coach’s actions for AAS
Move player to another role
Ask player to take on position of responsibility
Substitute the player
Change tactics
Governing body’s actions for AAS
Stagger derby matches
Player at neutral grounds
