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AEDs Flashcards

1
Q

Agents that enhance VGSC inactivation

A

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine

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2
Q

Phenytoin metabolism

A

Metabolism by CYP2C9, 2C19
Potent inducer of CYP and UGT-glucuronidation
95% protein bound

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3
Q

Phenytoin adverse effects

A

Hirsutism
Osteomalacia
Teratogenic
Megaloblastic anaemia
Arrhythmia
Insulin inhibited
Lymphadenopathy
Ataxia
Neuropathy/Nystagmus
Diplopia
SJS/TEN
Lupus syndrome
Agranulocytosis/aplastic anaemia
Gum hyperplasia
Hepatotoxicity

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4
Q

Carbamazepine metabolism

A

Metabolism by CYP3A4
Potent CYP inducer

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5
Q

Carbamazepine adverse effects

A

Dizziness, ataxia
Headache, drowsiness
Diplopia, blurred vision
Mild generalised rash
Leukopenia
Agranulocytosis
SIADH

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6
Q

Lamotrigine metabolism

A

Metabolism by UGT-glucuronidation

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7
Q

Lamotrigine adverse effects

A

Maculo-papular rash
SJS/TEN/DRESS
Hypersensitivity
Diplopia/blurred vision
Photosensitivity
Tremor
Agitation
Nausea/vomiting
Aplastic anaemia

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8
Q

HLA associated with Carbamazepine induced SJS

A

HLA 1502

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9
Q

Ethosuximide MOA

A

T-type Ca channel blocker

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10
Q

Ethosuximide adverse effects

A

Fatigue
GI upset
Headache
Itch
SJS

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11
Q

Ethosuximide metabolism

A

CYP3A4

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12
Q

Keppra mechanism of action

A

Binds to neuronal synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A

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13
Q

Keppra adverse efects

A

Depression, agitation
Diarrhoea/vomiting
Dyspepsia
Drowsiness
Diplopia
Dyscrasias
DRESS/SJS/TEN
Psychosis

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14
Q

Sodium valproate MOA

A

Increases GABA levels
Blocks VGSCs and VGCCs

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15
Q

Sodium valproate pharmacology

A

CYP metabolism
Mostly protein bound

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16
Q

Sodium valproate adverse reactions

A

Nausea/vomiting
Alopecia
Liver toxicity
Pancreatitis
Weight gain
Oedema
SIADH
Ataxia
Agranulocytosis/aplastic anaemia
Tremor
Teratogenic
TEN
SJS
Encephalopathy

17
Q

Topiramate MOA

A

Blocks VGSC
Antagonist at AMPA/Kainate-Rs
Augments GABA

18
Q

Topiramate adverse effects

A

Psychosis
Acute angle glaucoma
Nephrolithiasis
Drowsiness
Anhidrosis

19
Q

Vigabatrin MOA

A

Structure analogue of GABA –> increases GABA levels

20
Q

Vigabatrin adverse effects

A

Visual field defects
Depression

21
Q

Gabapentin MOA

A

GABA analogues

22
Q

Gabapentin adverse effects

A

Myoclonus
Oedema
Dizziness
Ataxia
Somnolence/sedation

23
Q

Oxcarbazepine MOA

A

Blocks VGSCs

24
Q

Lacosamide MOA

A

Blocks VGSCs

25
Q

Lacosamide adverse effects

A

AV block
AF

26
Q

Perampanel MOA

A

Non-competitive antagonist at post-synpatic AMPA glutamate receptors

27
Q

Perampanel adverse effects

A

Homicidal ideation

28
Q

Tiagiabine MOA

A

inhibits neuronal GABA uptake

29
Q

Tiagiabine adverse effects

A

Sedation, confusion

30
Q

Zonisamide MOA

A

Blocks VGSCs and VGCCs
Modulates GABA

31
Q

Zonisamide adverse effects

A

Psychosis
Acute angle glaucoma
Nephrolithiasis
Drowsy/poor concentration
Anhidrosis

BPT Flashcards (32 decks)

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