Acid-Base balance

Question 1

Normal arterial blood is

Answer 1

7.35-7.45

Question 2

Acids release ______

bases (alkaline substances)______

Answer 2

Acids release hydrogen ions (H+)

Bases take up H+ ions

Question 3

Degree of acidity is reported as

Answer 3

pH

Question 4

Types of acidosis:

Answer 4

respiratory and metabolic

Question 5

Types of alkalosis:

Answer 5

respiratory and metabolic

Question 6

Respiratory acidosis

Answer 6

arises from alveolar hypoventilation

lungs unable to excrete enough CO2

Excess carbonic acid in the blood decreases pH

Question 7

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 7

Ariss from alveolar hyperventilation

Lungs excrete TOO MUCH CO2

Deficit of carbonic acid in the blood increases pH

Question 8

Metabolic acidosis:

Answer 8

Arises from increase in metabolic acid or decrease in base (bicarbonate)

Kidneys unable to excrete enough metabolic acids which accumulates in the blood

Results in decreased level of consciousness

Question 9

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 9

Arises from direct increase in base (bicarbonate) or decrease in metabolic acid

Results in increased blood bicarbonate