Acid and Base Flashcards
Organs associated with Acid Base Balance Regulation
Lungs
Kidneys
Yield hydronium ions (H+) when dissolved in water
Acid
Yield hydroxyl ions (OH-)
Base
Resists changes in pH
Buffer
Normal Blood pH
7.35 - 7.45
pH Level
ACIDOSIS:
ALKALOSIS:
pH Level
ACIDOSIS: < 7.35
ALKALOSIS: > 7.45
Respiratory Regulation
Lungs: Respiration
Metabolic Regulation
Kidneys: Reabsorption & Excretion of bicarbonate
Major Blood Buffer System
Bicarbonate and Carbonic Acid buffer system
Respiratory Regulation
Organ: _________
Regulation: ________
Action/Response: ________
Analytes Controlled: ________
Respiratory Regulation
Organ: Lungs
Regulation: Respiration/Ventilation
Action/Response: Immediate - SHORT term
Analytes Controlled: Oxygen & CO2
Metabolic Regulation
Organ: _________
Regulation: ________
Action: ________
Analytes Controlled: ________
Metabolic Regulation
Organ: Kidney
Regulation: Reabsorption and Excretion of HCO3-
Action/Response: Slow - LONG term
Analytes Controlled: HCO3-
Major Function of Kidney id Acid Base balance
Excretion/Reabsorption of H+ ions and HCO3-
Provide the first line of defense to the changes in acid base status
Lungs
Buffer
Optimum pH level of Arterial Blood
7.40
pH decreases by _______/each Celsius above 37%
0.015
pH range of arterial blood is _______ lower than venous blood
0.003 unit
Evaluates the VENTILATION of Lungs and provide an index of gas exchange
pCO2
Evaluates the DEGREE of OXYGENATION and reflects the availability of O2 in the blood
pO2
Common form of CO2 dissolved in the blood and the CO2 form present in blood circulation
Bicarbonate
HCO3- comprises about _____ of the total CO2 content
95%
Threshold value of Bicarbonate
26 - 30 mmol/L