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Anatomy Of Genitourinary System > Accessory Structures > Flashcards

Accessory Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What do accessory structures of the male reproductive tract mostly function to produce?

A

Seminal fluid

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2
Q

What does seminal fluid help?

A

Help sperm survive in the female reproductive tract. Sperm is only 1% of the volume of seminal fluid

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3
Q

Where are seminal vesicles placed?

A

They lie posteroinferior to the bladder, anterior to the rectum and inferior to the peritoneum

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4
Q

How long are the seminal vesicles?

A

5cm long

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5
Q

What do the seminal vesicles do?

A

They do not store sperm by they secrete components off seminal fluid that mixes with the sperm as they pass into the ejaculatory ducts

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6
Q

How much of the volume of seminal fluid do the seminal vesicles produce?

A

They produce 60-70% of the final volume

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7
Q

What type of fluid is produced by the seminal vesicles?

A

Alkaline thick fluid

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8
Q

What does the alkaline fluid protect?

A

Protects sperm from acidic nature of the urethra and female reproductive tract

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9
Q

What provides energy for sperm?

A

Fructose

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10
Q

What is used for lowering the female immune response to seminal fluid?

A

Prostaglandins and they improve sperm motility to the uterine tubes

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11
Q

What do coagulation factors do?

A

They coagulate seminal fluid to help deliver sperm as directly as possible to the cervix

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12
Q

How long are the ejaculatory ducts?

A

They are 2.5cm long

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13
Q

How are the ejaculatory ducts formed?

A

They are from the combination of the ductus deferens with the ducts of the seminal vesicles

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14
Q

Where are the ejaculatory ducts found?

A

They are found near the neck of the bladder and pas through the posterior part of the prostate

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15
Q

Where do the ejaculatory ducts open?

A

They open into the urethra within the prostate which is known as the prostatic urethra

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16
Q

How long is the prostate gland?

A

3cm long

17
Q

What is the largest accessory gland in the male reproductive system?

A

The prostate

18
Q

What is the base of the prostate related to?

A

The neck of the bladder

19
Q

What is the posterior surface of the prostate related to?

A

The rectum

20
Q

Where do the prostatic ducts open into?

A

The prostatic urethra

21
Q

Describe prostatic fluid

A

It is thin and milks and supplies 20-25% of the volume of semen - the secretions aid mobility of the sperm

22
Q

Where do the bulbourethral glands lie?

A

They lie immediately inferior to the prostate gland at the level of the membranous urethra

23
Q

Where do the bulbourethral gland ducts open?

A

Open into the penile spongy urethra - after the urethral sphincter

24
Q

Describe the secretions from the bulbourethral glands

A

It is transparent and viscous - it adds some volume to semen. These glands produce what is known as ‘pre ejaculate’ which flushes out the urethra and acts as a lubricant

25
Q

How many ductus deferens are there?

A

There is one on each side of the body

26
Q

How does the ductus deferens reach the pelvic cavity?

A

Travels in the spermatic cord through the inguinal canal to get from the scrotum to the pelvic cavity

27
Q

How many seminal vesicles are there?

A

One on each side. They sit posterior to the bladder

28
Q

How many ejaculatory ducts are there?

A

There is a left and a right duct and these sit within the prostate and drain into the prostatic urethra

29
Q

How many bulbourethral glands are there?

A

There is a left and right gland

30
Q

What is usually a begin process in the prostate?

A

Prostatic hyperplasia

31
Q

What is fatal in the prostate?

A

Malignant carcinoma - it is less common but is more fatal. The common age of presentation is 65-85

32
Q

Where does the malignant carcinoma occur?

A

In the peripheral tissue, in some cases the growth can be slow and asymptomatic and the patient often dies of unrelated causes

33
Q

What is a symptom of a benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

It is due to the enlarge gland pressing on other structures, the bladder outlet obstruction causes urinary retention, hesitancy, poor stream and double voiding.
There may be some haematuria (blood in the urine)

34
Q

What is the symptom of prostate cancer?

A

Back pain from bony mestastes to the spine

35
Q

What do malignant and begin growths feel like?

A

Malignant usually feel modular and irregular whereas benign growths are smooth

Anatomy Of Genitourinary System (15 decks)

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