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Anatomy 101 > Abdominal/back/UE muscles > Flashcards

Abdominal/back/UE muscles Flashcards

1
Q

iliocostalis

A

most lateral erector, extend from pelvis to neck. extend and laterally flex the vertebral column, part of the erector spine muscles

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2
Q

Longisimus

A

Intermediate erector, lumbar to skull. extend and laterally rotate vertebral column, extend and rotate head. part of the erector spinae muscles

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3
Q

Spinalis

A

Most medial erector. extends vertebral column. part of the erector spinae muscles.

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4
Q

Semispinalis

A

deep back muscle, extends from thoracic region to skull, medial tendon. Extends vertebral column and head rotates to opposite sides

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5
Q

Splenius

A

superficial to semispinalis, extending from upper thoracic to skull. Extend the head.

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6
Q

External Intercostal

A

11 pairs lie b/n ribs, runs down and medially. pulls ribs toward one another to elevate the rib cage (inhale)

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7
Q

Internal intercostal

A

deep to external intercostal, follow lines of internal oblique (superiorly and medially). draws ribs together and depresses the rib cage (exhale)

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8
Q

Transverse Thoracis

A

lies internal to thoracic rib cage. pulls ribs caudally for respiration.

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9
Q

Diaphram

A

forms floor of thoracic cavity. prime mover of inspiration and flattens on contraction

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10
Q

External Oblique

A

largest and most superficial of lateral 3 abdominal muscles, aponeurosis forms the inguinal ligament. flex vertebral column, compress abdominal wall, trunk rotation, and lateral flexion.

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11
Q

Internal Oblique

A

Fibers run superiorly and medially (/). Flex vertebral column, compress abdominal wall, trunk rotation, and lateral flexion.

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12
Q

Transverse Abdominus

A

Deepest fibers, runs horizontally. Compresses abdominal contents, when one side works it can support rotation.

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13
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A

medial muscle pair, pubis to rib cage, 3 tendinous intersections. flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column

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14
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

Posterior abdominal wall, top of pelvis to lower rib. Flexes vertebral column laterally

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15
Q

Pelvic diaphragm

A

Consists of levator ani (forms “sling” around the prostate or vagina) and coccygeus (posterior to elevator ani). Create the pelvic floor muscles, supports pelvic organs esp during defecation and childbirth.

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16
Q

Urogenital diaphram

A

encircle the urethar & vagina. constricts urethra and supports pelvic organs.

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17
Q

Ischiocavernosus

A

runs from pelvis to the base of the penis or clitoris. retards venous drainage & maintains erection of penis or clitoris.

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18
Q

Bolbospongiosus

A

encloses base of penis in males or lies deep to labia in females. Expel remaining urine and in males it helps maintain erection

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19
Q

How does the aponeurosis of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis contribute to the formation of the rectus sheath?

A

The anterior wall is formed by the aponeurosis, enclosing the rectus abdomens (anteriorly and posteriorly)

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20
Q

Inguinal Ligament

A

formed from the inferior edge of the external oblique as it runs from anterior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle. (forms base of inguinal canal)

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21
Q

Trapezius

A

Flat triangular, pair in back, superficial. stabilizes, elevates, retracts, and rotates the scapula

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22
Q

Levator Scapula

A

back and side of neck, deep to trapezius, straplike. elevates and adducts the scapula.

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23
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

connects scapula to vertebra, inferior to rhomboid minor. stabilize & retract scapula “squaring the shoulders”, rotate scapula downward

24
Q

Rhomboid Minor

A

Inferior to levator scapula and superior to rhomboid major, medial border of scapula to the spine. draws scapula superomedially and rotates glenoid inferiorly

25
Serratus Anterior
fan shaped muscle, lies deep to scapula and inferior to pectoral muscles. Rotates scapula upward, protract and hold scapula against the chest wall
26
Pectoralis Minor
flat and thin deep to pectoralis major. Protracts & rotates the scapula downward
27
Supraspinatus
rotator cuff muscle, posterior aspect of scapula above the spine of the scapula, deep to trapezius. initiates abduction of the arm
28
Infraspinatous
rotator cuff muscle, partially covered by deltoid and trap. laterally rotates the humerus
29
Subscapularis
rotator cuff muscle, fills the subscapular fossa. medially rotates arm, assisted by pec major
30
Pectoralis Major
large fan like structure covering upper portion of chest. Prime mover of arm flexion, rotates arm medially, adducts arm
31
Deltoid
thick multipennate muscle forming rounded shoulder mass. prime mover of arm abduction when all its fibers contract simultaneously
32
Latissimus Dorsi
flat triangular muscle of lower back. prime mover of arm extension, adduction and medial rotation
33
Teres Major
thick rounded muscle inferior to treres minor. extends medially, rotates and adducts the arm with latissimus dorsi
34
Teres Minor
rotator cuff muscle, inferior to infraspinatous. laterally rotes the arm
35
Coracobrachialis
small cylindrical muscle, coracoid process blended into the short head of the bicep. flexion and adduction of the arm, synergist with pec major
36
Brachialis
deep to bicep brachii on distal humerus. flexes forearm and lifts the ulna
37
Triceps Brachii
posterior compartment of arm, 3 headed. Powerful forearm extensor
38
Brachioradialis
superficial muscle of the lateral forearm. synergist in forearm flexion, best when semi pronated
39
Biceps Brachii
two headed fusiform muscle, anterior arm. flexes and supinates forearm
40
Pronator Teres
two headed superficial, b/n brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis. Pronates forearm, weak flexor for forearm
41
Pronator Quadratus
deepest muscle of distal forearm, quadrangle shape, on ulna and on radius. prime mover in forearm pronation, synergist w/ pronator teres and brachioradialis
42
Supinator
deep muscle at posterior aspect of elbow, carved around upper third of radius. Assists biceps brachii to forcibly supinate forarm
43
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
most medial muscle, anterior ulna side, medial epicondyle to wrist. flexes and adducts the hand
44
Flexor Carpis Radialis
runs diagonally b/n superficial palmaris longus and pronator teres/brachioradialis. Powerful flexor of the hand, abducts hand, weak synergist of forearm flexion
45
Palmaris Longus
small muscle with long insertion tendon, b/n superficial flexer carpi ulnas and flexor carpi radialis. tenses skin & fascia of palm during hand movements
46
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
medial of the superficial posterior muscles, along ulna side. extends hand in conjunction with extensor carpi radialis, adducts hand in conjunction w/ flexor carpi ulnaris
47
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
parallels brachioradialis on lateral forearm. extends hand in conjunction with extensor carpi ulnaris, abducts hand in conjunction with flexor carpi radialis
48
Extensor Carpi Radialis Breves
Shorter and deeper to extensor carpi radialis longus, posterior lateral epicondyle. Extends and abducts hand, synergist w/ extensor carpi radialis longus, helps steady the hand in finger flexion
49
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
two headed muscle, deeply placed visible at distal end. flexes hand and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5
50
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
extensive origin, overlain by flexor digitorum superficilis. flexes distal interphalengeal joints in all fingers
51
Flexor Pollicis Longus
partly covered by flexor digitorum superficialis, lies lateral and parallel to flexor digitorum profundus. Flexes distal phalanx of thumb
52
Abductor Pollicis Longus
lateral and parallel to extensor pollicis longus, just distal to supinator. Abducts and extends the thumb
53
Extensor Digitorum
posterior superficial compartment of forearm, lies medial to extensor carpi radialis brevis. Prime mover of finger extension, extends hand, can abduct fingers
54
Extensor Pollicis Longus and Brevis
deep muscle pair, overlain by extensor carpi ulnaris (brevis lateral, lungus medial. Extends thumb
55
Extensor Digiti Minimi
detached portion of extensor digitorum, posterior and medial. extends first finger and provides wrist extension support.
56
Extensor Indicis
deep distal dorsal forearm, tiny muscle arising close to wrist. Extends index finger

Anatomy 101 (15 decks)

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