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Anatomy 101 > Abdominal/back/UE muscles > Flashcards

Abdominal/back/UE muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

iliocostalis

A

most lateral erector, extend from pelvis to neck. extend and laterally flex the vertebral column, part of the erector spine muscles

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2
Q

Longisimus

A

Intermediate erector, lumbar to skull. extend and laterally rotate vertebral column, extend and rotate head. part of the erector spinae muscles

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3
Q

Spinalis

A

Most medial erector. extends vertebral column. part of the erector spinae muscles.

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4
Q

Semispinalis

A

deep back muscle, extends from thoracic region to skull, medial tendon. Extends vertebral column and head rotates to opposite sides

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5
Q

Splenius

A

superficial to semispinalis, extending from upper thoracic to skull. Extend the head.

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6
Q

External Intercostal

A

11 pairs lie b/n ribs, runs down and medially. pulls ribs toward one another to elevate the rib cage (inhale)

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7
Q

Internal intercostal

A

deep to external intercostal, follow lines of internal oblique (superiorly and medially). draws ribs together and depresses the rib cage (exhale)

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8
Q

Transverse Thoracis

A

lies internal to thoracic rib cage. pulls ribs caudally for respiration.

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9
Q

Diaphram

A

forms floor of thoracic cavity. prime mover of inspiration and flattens on contraction

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10
Q

External Oblique

A

largest and most superficial of lateral 3 abdominal muscles, aponeurosis forms the inguinal ligament. flex vertebral column, compress abdominal wall, trunk rotation, and lateral flexion.

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11
Q

Internal Oblique

A

Fibers run superiorly and medially (/). Flex vertebral column, compress abdominal wall, trunk rotation, and lateral flexion.

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12
Q

Transverse Abdominus

A

Deepest fibers, runs horizontally. Compresses abdominal contents, when one side works it can support rotation.

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13
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A

medial muscle pair, pubis to rib cage, 3 tendinous intersections. flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column

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14
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

Posterior abdominal wall, top of pelvis to lower rib. Flexes vertebral column laterally

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15
Q

Pelvic diaphragm

A

Consists of levator ani (forms “sling” around the prostate or vagina) and coccygeus (posterior to elevator ani). Create the pelvic floor muscles, supports pelvic organs esp during defecation and childbirth.

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16
Q

Urogenital diaphram

A

encircle the urethar & vagina. constricts urethra and supports pelvic organs.

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17
Q

Ischiocavernosus

A

runs from pelvis to the base of the penis or clitoris. retards venous drainage & maintains erection of penis or clitoris.

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18
Q

Bolbospongiosus

A

encloses base of penis in males or lies deep to labia in females. Expel remaining urine and in males it helps maintain erection

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19
Q

How does the aponeurosis of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis contribute to the formation of the rectus sheath?

A

The anterior wall is formed by the aponeurosis, enclosing the rectus abdomens (anteriorly and posteriorly)

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20
Q

Inguinal Ligament

A

formed from the inferior edge of the external oblique as it runs from anterior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle. (forms base of inguinal canal)

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21
Q

Trapezius

A

Flat triangular, pair in back, superficial. stabilizes, elevates, retracts, and rotates the scapula

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22
Q

Levator Scapula

A

back and side of neck, deep to trapezius, straplike. elevates and adducts the scapula.

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23
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

connects scapula to vertebra, inferior to rhomboid minor. stabilize & retract scapula “squaring the shoulders”, rotate scapula downward

24
Q

Rhomboid Minor

A

Inferior to levator scapula and superior to rhomboid major, medial border of scapula to the spine. draws scapula superomedially and rotates glenoid inferiorly

25
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

fan shaped muscle, lies deep to scapula and inferior to pectoral muscles. Rotates scapula upward, protract and hold scapula against the chest wall

26
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

flat and thin deep to pectoralis major. Protracts & rotates the scapula downward

27
Q

Supraspinatus

A

rotator cuff muscle, posterior aspect of scapula above the spine of the scapula, deep to trapezius. initiates abduction of the arm

28
Q

Infraspinatous

A

rotator cuff muscle, partially covered by deltoid and trap. laterally rotates the humerus

29
Q

Subscapularis

A

rotator cuff muscle, fills the subscapular fossa. medially rotates arm, assisted by pec major

30
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

large fan like structure covering upper portion of chest. Prime mover of arm flexion, rotates arm medially, adducts arm

31
Q

Deltoid

A

thick multipennate muscle forming rounded shoulder mass. prime mover of arm abduction when all its fibers contract simultaneously

32
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

flat triangular muscle of lower back. prime mover of arm extension, adduction and medial rotation

33
Q

Teres Major

A

thick rounded muscle inferior to treres minor. extends medially, rotates and adducts the arm with latissimus dorsi

34
Q

Teres Minor

A

rotator cuff muscle, inferior to infraspinatous. laterally rotes the arm

35
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

small cylindrical muscle, coracoid process blended into the short head of the bicep. flexion and adduction of the arm, synergist with pec major

36
Q

Brachialis

A

deep to bicep brachii on distal humerus. flexes forearm and lifts the ulna

37
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

posterior compartment of arm, 3 headed. Powerful forearm extensor

38
Q

Brachioradialis

A

superficial muscle of the lateral forearm. synergist in forearm flexion, best when semi pronated

39
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

two headed fusiform muscle, anterior arm. flexes and supinates forearm

40
Q

Pronator Teres

A

two headed superficial, b/n brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis. Pronates forearm, weak flexor for forearm

41
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

deepest muscle of distal forearm, quadrangle shape, on ulna and on radius. prime mover in forearm pronation, synergist w/ pronator teres and brachioradialis

42
Q

Supinator

A

deep muscle at posterior aspect of elbow, carved around upper third of radius. Assists biceps brachii to forcibly supinate forarm

43
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

most medial muscle, anterior ulna side, medial epicondyle to wrist. flexes and adducts the hand

44
Q

Flexor Carpis Radialis

A

runs diagonally b/n superficial palmaris longus and pronator teres/brachioradialis. Powerful flexor of the hand, abducts hand, weak synergist of forearm flexion

45
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

small muscle with long insertion tendon, b/n superficial flexer carpi ulnas and flexor carpi radialis. tenses skin & fascia of palm during hand movements

46
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

medial of the superficial posterior muscles, along ulna side. extends hand in conjunction with extensor carpi radialis, adducts hand in conjunction w/ flexor carpi ulnaris

47
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

parallels brachioradialis on lateral forearm. extends hand in conjunction with extensor carpi ulnaris, abducts hand in conjunction with flexor carpi radialis

48
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Breves

A

Shorter and deeper to extensor carpi radialis longus, posterior lateral epicondyle. Extends and abducts hand, synergist w/ extensor carpi radialis longus, helps steady the hand in finger flexion

49
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

two headed muscle, deeply placed visible at distal end. flexes hand and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

50
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

extensive origin, overlain by flexor digitorum superficilis. flexes distal interphalengeal joints in all fingers

51
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus

A

partly covered by flexor digitorum superficialis, lies lateral and parallel to flexor digitorum profundus. Flexes distal phalanx of thumb

52
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus

A

lateral and parallel to extensor pollicis longus, just distal to supinator. Abducts and extends the thumb

53
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A

posterior superficial compartment of forearm, lies medial to extensor carpi radialis brevis. Prime mover of finger extension, extends hand, can abduct fingers

54
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus and Brevis

A

deep muscle pair, overlain by extensor carpi ulnaris (brevis lateral, lungus medial. Extends thumb

55
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi

A

detached portion of extensor digitorum, posterior and medial. extends first finger and provides wrist extension support.

56
Q

Extensor Indicis

A

deep distal dorsal forearm, tiny muscle arising close to wrist. Extends index finger

Anatomy 101 (15 decks)

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