AAMC FL3 PS Flashcards
big 5 traits
OCEAN
OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE
– vs closed to experiences
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS: desire to do well, be thorough, organized and efficient
– vs lack of conscientiousness
EXTRAVERSION
– vs introversion
AGREEABLENESS
– vs disagreeableness
NEUROTICISM: how moody an individual can be or how influenced by their emotions they are
– vs emotional stability
prospective vs reconstructive memory
Retrospective memory is where the content to be remembered is in the past
eg. I flew a whale kite at the festival last week.
Prospective memory is where the content is to be remembered in the future, and may be defined as “remembering to remember” or remembering to perform an intended action
eg. I should remember to buy milk when I go to safeway today.
how does emotional arousal affect our focus
focus a person’s attention on the central features (tied to emotional arousal) of an event vs peripheral features (removed from the source of emotional arousal)
ie a person will notice information that elicits arousal, but fail to process other information
Thus, memory for the fundamental gist of the emotional event is retained, whereas memory for details (if they are encoded at all) either fades or undergoes changes.
panic disorders
Panic disorders often present themselves with the same symptoms as a heart attack: pounding heart, chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, and feeling dizzy
three main components of SES
SES = socioeconomic status
deals with one’s access to things, incl health / safety
3 components: occupation, income, and education
what is assoc w increased heart disease
stressors related to anger and hostility
dichotic listening
the operational definition of dichotic listening is presenting two different auditory messages, one to each ear
social construction of race
idea that there is little biological basis for race (or ethnicity)
Instead, racial/ethnic categories mostly result from history, culture, and society
countered by the existence of a significant biological / genetic basis – but one has yet to be discovered
what is the advantage of PET vs other types of scanning
PET is combination of structure and function, thus shows differing areas of activity and the localization of that activity
vs EEG only shows that activity is happening
vs CT and MRI only shows structure (not activity)
NDMA
NDMA stands for N-dimethyl-M-aspartate; receptors for NDMA are also able to bind glutamate.
recall that glutamate is the brain’s primary excitatory neurotransmitter
Monoamines
dopamine [DA], serotonin [5-HT], and norepinephrine [NE]
– DA and NE are also known as catecholamines and NE is derived from DA
DA: reward pathway
5-HT: appetite, sleep, satiation, mood; limbic system
NE: released from adrenal medulla; alertness; flight or fight (sympathetic NS)
define the following:
- motion parallax
- interposition
motion parallax: things closer to you move faster than those farther away
interposition: things that are partially covered by an object are behind that object
define the following:
- Perceptual maladaptation
- sensory interaction
Perceptual maladaptation: trait that is more harmful than helpful
sensory interaction: interaction of the senses to each other and how they influence each other
eg. taste and smell work together; food tastes more bland when you have a stuffy nose (and can’t smell it!)
define the following:
- Vestibular sense
- kinesthetic sense
Vestibular sense: sense of balance and acceleration
- semicircular canals tell you how level you are with the environment by sending rotational acceleration information (balance)
- utricle and saccule tell you how fast you’re accelerating forward/backward and up/down, respectively
kinesthetic sense: coordination and procedures carried out by your body; aka the ability to manipulate / move your appendages / body
