9.3 Thermoregulation Flashcards
Thermoregulation
The regulation of internal temp by negative feedback mechanisms
Homeotherm
An animal that maintains a stable body temp regardless of temp of external environment
Poikilotherm
An animal whose body temp varies with, and often matches, the temp of the external environment
Torpor
A short-term state of reduced metabolic rate and body temp that reduces the demand for energy during the night or day
Estivation
A state of torpor that enables an animal to survive the summer by reducing the demand for energy
Ectotherm
An animal that maintains its body temp by absorbing themal energy from the environment
Endotherm
An animal that maintains its body temp by internal mechanisms
Thermal acclimatization
Process by which an animal gradually adjusts to temp changes in its environment
Hibernation
A state of greatly reduced metabolic rate and activity that enables an animal to survive the winter by reducing the demand for energy when food is unavailable
Thermoregulation
Maintenance of body temps within a range that enables cells to function properly
Mechanisms of Thermal Energy Exchange
- Animals absorb energy if they’re cooler
than external environment and release thermal energy if they’re warmer
than their environment - Energy exchange can occur through
conduction, convection, radiation, and
evaporation
Homeotherms and Poikilotherms
These terms describe what happens to an
organism’s internal temperature
Poikilotherms:
body temperature varies
with the environment
Homeotherms:
maintain a stable body
temperature regardless of the environment
Endotherm
Maintain a
constant internal temp
by generating heat through an increase in cellular respiration
