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Biology 12U > 5.1 Intro to Photosynthesis > Flashcards

5.1 Intro to Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

Photoautotroph

A

An organism that makes its own food using energy from the Sun

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2
Q

Light-dependent rxns

A

First stage of photosynthesis, during which water molecules are split as light energy is absorbed/transformed into chemical energy in ATP and NADPH

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3
Q

Calvin cycle

A

2nd stage of photosynthesis process that uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 to sugars

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4
Q

Primary e- transfer

A

A molecule capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced during photosynthesis

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5
Q

Antenna complex

A

Cluster of light-absorbing pigments embedded in the thylakoid membrane able to capture and transfer energy to special chlorophyll a molecules in the rxn center

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6
Q

Rxn center

A

a complex of proteins and pigments that contains the primary e- acceptor

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7
Q

Action spectrum

A

A plot of the effectiveness of light energy of different wavelengths in driving a chemical process

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7
Q

Photosystem l

A

A collection of pigment proteins that includes chlorophyll a and absorbs light at the 700nm wavelength

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7
Q

Photosystem ll

A

A collection of pigment proteins that includes chlorophyll a and absorbs light at the 680 nm wavelength

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8
Q

Photoautotroph

A

An organism that makes its own food using sunlight energy

  • Plants convert sunlight energy into chemical energy in the form of sugar
  • Plants can then convert sugars into other cellular parts or into ATP
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9
Q

Light-dependent rxns

A
  • First stage of photosynthesis which requires light
  • Splits water molecule
  • Absorbs light energy
  • ATP/NADPH are generated
  • Chlorophyll used to capture light energy
  • Occurs in chloroplast
  • NADPH - Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
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9
Q

Overall photosynthesis formula

A

CO2 + H20 –> C6H12O6 + O2
- Rxn is the reverse of cellular respiration

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10
Q

Calvin cycle (Light-dependent rxns)

A

Calvin cycle - 2nd stage of photosynthesis that doesn’t require light
* Uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 into sugars
* Can also convert fixed carbon into other molecules

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11
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Plant cell organelle that’s the site of photosynthesis
- Contains 3 membranes
- Contains chlorophyll

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12
Q

Stroma

A

Fluid surrounds thylakoids

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13
Q

Thylakoid

A

Pancake-shaped membranes inside chloroplast (site of light absorption, e- transfer, ATP synthesis)

14
Q

Capturing light energy

A

Absorption of a photon by chlorophyll (pigment molecule) excites an e-
- The “excited” e- moves to a higher energy level
- As the e- falls back down towards the nucleus it releases energy
- The e- may also be transferred to an energy carrier molecule

15
Q

What have we learned so far?

A

1) Energy from e- can be transferred from 1 atom to the next
2) High energy e- can be transferred to other molecules
- These e- can then be used to power rxns

16
Q

Chlorophylls

A

Photosynthetic pigments found in plants

17
Q

Chlorophyll a

A

Accepts energy from other pigments and transfers e- to Primary e- acceptors

18
Q

Chlorophyll b

A

Transfers energy to chlorophyll a

19
Q

Carotenoids

A

Other plant pigments which transfer energy to chlorophyll molecules

20
Q

Antenna complex

A

A cluster of light absorbing pigments in the thylakoid membrane
- Captures/transfers light energy to chlorophyll a
- Chlorophyll a then transfers an e- to the primary e- acceptor

21
Q

Absorption Spectrum

A

The amount of light energy that a substance absorbs

22
Q

Chlorophyll a

A

Absorbs blue and red light

23
Q

Chlorophyll b

A

Absorbs blue-green and orange light

24
Q

Carotenoids

A

Absorbs purple to green light

25
Q

Pigments and photosystems

A

Pigments are bound to other molecules in the thylakoid membrane which are collectively called photosystems

26
Q

Photosystem l

A

The collection of pigment molecules/chlorophyll a absorbs light at the 700nm wavelength

27
Q

Photosystem ll

A

Collection of pigment molecules/chlorophyll a that absorbs light at the 680 nm wavelength

Biology 12U (45 decks)

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