9 - Arm, Forearm and Hand II

Question 1

Medial Epicondyle

Answer 1

The more prominent pert of the humorous where the ulna articulates. Located more proximally

Question 2

Lateral Epicondyle

Answer 2

The lesser prominent end of the humorous where more of the radius articulates. Located more medially.

Question 3

The Ulna

Answer 3

The ulna is a long bone in the forearm. It lies medially and articulates with the humorous PROXIMALLY and articulates with the radius DISTALLY.

Question 4

Olecranon

Answer 4

A large projection of bone that extends proximally.
It forms part of trochlear notch.
It can be palpated as the ‘tip’ of the elbow.
The triceps brachii muscle attaches to its superior surface.

Question 5

Coronoid process

Answer 5

This ridge of bone projects outwards anteriorly, forming part of the trochlear notch.

Question 6

Trochlear Notch

Answer 6

Formed by the olecranon and coronoid process.
It is wrench shaped.
Articulates with the trochlea of the humerus.

Question 7

Radial Notch

Answer 7

Located on the lateral surface of the trochlear notch, this area articulates with the head of the radius.

Question 8

Tuberosity of the Ulna

Answer 8

A roughening immediately distal to the coronoid process. It is where the brachialis muscle attaches.

Question 9

The Radius

Answer 9

long bone in the forearm, it lies laterally

Question 10

Head of the radius

Answer 10

A disk-shaped structure in the proximal region of the radius.

Question 11

Radial Tuberosity

Answer 11

A bony projection, which serves as the place of attachment of the biceps brachii muscle.

Question 12

What muscles are superficial in the posterior compartment if the forearm?

Answer 12

Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis)
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digit minimi
Externsor carpi ulnaris
Aconeus

Question 13

What are the superior muscles of the posterior compartment innervated by?

Answer 13

The Radial Nerve

Question 14

What muscles are deep in the posterior compartment if the forearm?

Answer 14

Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Extensor indicies

Question 15

What are the thenar muscles?

Answer 15

three short muscles located at the base of the thumb. The muscle bellies produce a bulge, known as the thenar eminence.

Question 16

Thenar Muscles

Answer 16

Opponens Pollicis - largest (lies under the other 2)
Abductor pollicis
Flexor pollicis

Question 17

What are the Lumbricals?

Answer 17

The four muscles in the hand, each associated with a finger.
Very crucial to finger movement, linking the extensor tendons to the flexor tendons.

Question 18

Where does each lumbrical originate?

Answer 18

At a tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus.
They pass dorsally and laterally around each finger, and inserts into the extensor hood.

Question 19

What innervates the lumbricals?

Answer 19

• The lateral two lumbricals (of the index and middle fingers) are innervated by the median nerve.
• The medial two lumbricals (of the little and ring fingers) are innervated by the ulnar nerve.

Question 20

The Interossei

Answer 20

• Located between the metacarpal bones of the hand.
• They can be divided into two groups – dorsal and palmar.
• They abduct the fingers
• Innervated by the ulnar nerve

Question 21

Dorsal intrerossei

Answer 21

• The most superficial of all dorsal muscles.
• There are 4 dorsal interossei
• They abduct the digits.

Question 22

Palmer interossei

Answer 22

• Located anteriorly on the hand.
• There are three palmar interossei muscles.

Question 23

Palmaris brevis

Answer 23

A small, thin muscle, found superficially in the subcutaneous tissue of the hypothenar eminence (in the palm).

Question 24

Adductor Pollicis

Answer 24

• The adductor pollicis large triangular muscle with two heads.
• The radial artery passes anteriorly through the space between the two heads, forming the deep palmar arch.