5 - The Pelvis and the Urinary System I Flashcards
How is the right kidney positioned in comparison to the left and what is the reason for this?
Slightly lower to make space for the liver
What structures are connected to the kidney and travel down either side to the bladder?
The ureters
Where are the kidneys positioned in the body?
Anchored to the posterior abdominal wall, mostly covered by the costal margin of the ribcage.
Are the kidneys intra or retroperitoneal?
Retroperitoneal
What does the left kidney lie posteriorly to?
The stomach, pancreas, jejunum, spleen and the splenic flecture
What does the aorta split into in this region?
The right and left ileac, which splits again into the internal and external ileac at either side.
Where is urine collected and drained into
Collected in the major calyx and drianed into the ureter.
Where is the pubic bone positioned in a person with a vulva and vagina?
Anterior to the bladder
What structures are visible in the bladder when it is empty?
The mucosal folds
What is positioned superior ot the baldder? (person with vulva and vagina)
the uterus and the sigmoid colon
Where is the only part of the bladder covered by peritoneum?
The superior surface
What is positioned posterior to the baldder? (person with vulva and vagina)
The cervix and the vagina
What sits on the anterior of the bladder? (person with vulva and vagina)
The urethra
What is positioned posterior to the bladder? (person with penis and testes)
The rectum
Where does the urethra widen and slim down again? (person with penis and testes)
Widens at the glans penis and slims down again at the urethral oriface.
What are the 2 shpincters called?
the internal and external urethal shincters
What is the inguinal canal?
a 4cm passageway that allows for the passage of gonads, nerves and ligaments
What is the inguinal ligament?
A piece of connective tissue where the inguinal canal lives
What is the final position of the gonads in a person with a penis and testes?
pulling through the layers of the anterior abdominal wall.
Where are the testes pulled into after descent?
Through the gubernaculum into the scrotum facia
what are the contents of the inguinal canal in a person with a penis and testes?
the spermatic cord
what are the contents of the inguinal canal in a person with a vulva and vagina?
The round ligament
What is a hernia?
An abdominal pertrusion of tissue viscera that a normally contained in the abdomen.
What can make a heria worse if there is weakness in the area?
Raised intrabdominal pressure
What is a direct hernia?
When contents emerge through the superficial ring
What is an indirect hernia?
When contents protrude through the deep ring and the canal
What is a femoral hernia?
Hernias that happen through the femoral canal below the inguinal ligament
