4 - The Abdomen II Flashcards
What are some structures associated with the foregut?
The stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen
Where does the stomach mainly sit?
In the left hyperchodriac, epigastric and umblical regions.
Can also extend into the gastroesophagial junction and the pyloric orifice.
What are the 2 borders of the stomach?
The greater and lesser curvatures
What does the lesser omentum connect?
the liver and the lessser curvature of the stomach
What does the lesser omentum become when it meets the greater curvature of the stomach?
The greater omentum
What is the stomach connected to anteriorly?
The anterior abdominal wall, the left lobe of the liver and the diaphragm
What can be found behind the stomach?
The lesser sac and the lesser omentum, the diaphragm, the aorta, the pancreas, the left kidney, the supra-reanl gland, the sphrenic artery, the spleen
What are the innervations of the stomach?
Parasympathetically by branches of the vagus nerve, anterior and posterior gastric nerves and sympathetically by the celiac plexus.
What is the function of the liver?
Deoxyfying the blood from the gastrointestinal system, also produces bile.
How does the gallbladder attach to the liver?
Via the cystic duct.
How many lobes are in the liver and what are they called?
3, the left lobe, the right lobe and the caudate lobe.
What splits the right and left lobes of the liver?
Falciform ligaments (double layered peritoneum), ligamentum terrace on the inside
Is the liver intra or retroperitoneal?
Intra apart form the bare area and the porter hepatis
What is the porter hepatis and where is it positioned?
A bundle of vessles containing the heptic portal vein, the hepatic artery proper and the common hepatic duct, located below the inferior vena cava
What 2 sources deos the blood recieved to the liver come from?
The hepatic artery proper and the hepatic portal vein (brings blood into the liver for processing)
What 3 parts can the gallbladder be divided into?
the fundus, body and neck
Where does the pancreas mainly sit?
In the epigastric region and left hyperchondriac region
Posterior to the stomach
Is the pancreas intra or retroperitoneal?
Mostly retroperitoneal apart from its tail
Where does the main pancreatic duct extend from?
From the tail along to the second part of the duodenum
what is the sphincter called that controls the main secretions from the pancreatic duct?
the sphinctier of odi
Where is the spleen located?
In the left hyperchondriac region and posterior to the stomach.
What are the functions of the spleen?
- Largest secondary lymphoid organ
- Filters blood and presnets antigens
- Facilitates the breakdown of arithrocytes
- site of creation of blood cells in-utero
Is the spleein intra or retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal as the gastrosplenic ligament (lesser omentum) wraps around it
What are the 3 unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta?
The 1st is the celiac trunk, 2nd is the superior mesenteric artery and the 3rd is the inferior mesenteric artery
What does the celiac trunk split into?
splits into 3 the common hepatic artery, the splenic artery and the left gastric artery
The splenic artery splits into the..
splenic artery proper and the left gastroepiploic artery (supllies blood to the greater curvature)
The common hepatic artery splits into the…
- hepatic artery proper, which gives rise to the right gastric artery and right and left hepatic artery.
- gastroduodenal artery
