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anatomy > 11- Hip joint, Gluteal region, Posterior thigh > Flashcards

11- Hip joint, Gluteal region, Posterior thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A

Synovial ball and socket joint

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2
Q

Where does the head of the femur sit?

A

In the Acetabulum

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3
Q

What deepens the acetabulum and acts as a vacuum for the head of the femur?

A

The acetabular labrum and the femoral ligament

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4
Q

What is the function of the joint capsule?

A

Connects the acetabulum and the neck of the femur helping to strengthen the joint.

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5
Q

How do the ligaments help to increase the stability and strengthen the joint?

A

They tighten in extension and loosen in flexion

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6
Q

What are the 3 ligaments that join the femur to the pelvic girdle?

A

Iliofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
ishiofemoral ligament

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7
Q

Iliofemoral Ligament (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Comes from the anterior-inferior ileac spine.
The strongest of the 3 ligaments.
Prevent hyperextension.

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8
Q

Pubofemoral ligament (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Comes form the pubis
Prevents overabduction

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9
Q

Ishiofemoral ligament (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Comes from the ishium
Weakest of the 2 ligaments

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10
Q

What causes osteoarthritis of the hip?

A

Wear and tear of the articulate cartilage

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11
Q

What are some symptoms of osteoarthritis of the hip?

A

Stiffness of the hip and limited range of movement

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12
Q

How many muscle are in the gluteal region?

A

4

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the gluteal region?

A

Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor Facia Lata

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14
Q

Gluteus Maximus (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Powerful extensor of the hip
Originates form the posterior third of the ileum and inserts onto the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity.

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15
Q

Gluteus Medius and Minimus (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Abduct at the hip and also medially rotates the thigh.
Both originate from the ileum and insert onto the greater trochanter

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16
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Abducts at the hip and also medially rotates the thigh.
Originates from the anterior iliac crest, attaching to the anterior superior iliac spine, it inserts into the iliotibial tract.

17
Q

What innervates the gluteal region?

A

The inferior and superior gluteal nerves.
The inferior supplies all but the gluteus maximus which is supplied by the inferior.

18
Q

What muscles makes up the lateral rotator group/ deep muscles?

A

Piriformis - most superior of the deep muscles
Obturator internus
Quadratus femoris
Inferior and superior Gameli

19
Q

What ligaments make the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

The Sacrospinous and Scrotuberus Ligaments.

20
Q

What is the function of the greater foramen?

A

A passageway for the nerves and arteries to leave the gluteal region.

21
Q

What muscles are in the Posterior Compartment of the thigh?

A

Hamstrings - Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
- Biceps femoris (Long and short heads)
- Adductor magnus

22
Q

What is the function of the muscles in the posterior compartment?

A

The FLEX the leg at the knee joint and EXTEND the thigh at the hip joint.

23
Q

Semimembranosus (articulation/what does it do?)

A
  • Originates from the ischial tuberosity and inserts onto the medial tibial condyle.
  • Flexes the leg and the knee and extends the hip.
  • Medially rotates the thigh
24
Q

Semitendinosus (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Originates form the ischial tuberosity and inserts onto the medial surface of the tibia.

25
Q

Biceps femoris (articulation/what does it do?)

A

Long head - Originates from the ischial tuberosity
Short head - Originates from the linear aspera of the posterior femur
They Converge into a tendon and insert onto the fibular.

26
Q

what are the 2 divisions of the Sciatic nerve?

A

The tibial portion and the common fibular portion

27
Q

What innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment?

A

The Tibial portion of the Sciatic Nerve innervates them all apart form the short head of the biceps femoris which is innervated by the common fibular portion.

28
Q

Where does the Sciatic nerve lie?

A

Under the piriformis.

29
Q

What supplies blood to the posterior compartment?

A

The perforating arteries coming from the profunda femoris

30
Q

What are the contents of the Popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal artery
Popliteal Vein
Tibial Nerve
Common fibular nerve

anatomy (17 decks)

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