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Anatomy > 7 - The Shoulder > Flashcards

7 - The Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the axial bones?

A

Lie more medially
The skull, vertebrae, ribs and the sternum

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2
Q

What are the appendicular bones?

A

Lie more laterally
Outer pelvis, clavical, arms and legs

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3
Q

What are the 3 joints of the shoulder girdle?

A

Sternoclavicular Joint
Acromioclavicular Joint
Glenohumeral Joint

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4
Q

Movements of the scapula

A

Protraction, Retraction, Elevation, Depression, Rotation

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5
Q

What muscles attach the shoulder girldle to the trunk?

A

Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid Minor
Rhomboid Major
Serratus Anterior

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6
Q

Where are the traps positioned?

A

At the back of the head down to the thoracic spine

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7
Q

How to the Traps move the scapula?

A

The top portion elevates and upwardly rotates the scapula
The middle portion is attached to the thoracic spine pulling it to cause retraction.
The bottom of the traps pulls downwards to deprss the scapula.

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8
Q

Where is levator scapulae positioned?

A

On the sides of the neck, it’s attached to the top of the scapula and goes up to C1 on the thoracic vertebrae

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9
Q

How does levator scapulae move the scapula?

A

it elevates and retracts.

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10
Q

Were are rhomboid minor and major positioned?

A

The upper back, rhomboid minor is above rhomboid major

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11
Q

How do the rhomboid muscles move the scapula?

A

they retract the scapula pulling it towards the midline.

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12
Q

Where is the serratus anterior positioned?

A

Comes round from underneath the scapula and attaches to the ribs

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13
Q

How does serratus anterior move the scapula?

A

Protracts and upwardly rotates the scapula

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14
Q

What innervates the traps?

A

the accessory nerve (Cranial nerve XI)

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15
Q

What innervates the levator scapulae and rhomboid minor and major?

A

the dorsal scapula nerve

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16
Q

What innervates the serratus anterior?

A

the long thoracic nerve

17
Q

What muscles (round the front of the body) attach the shoulder girdle to the trunk?

A

Subclavious
Pectoralis minor

18
Q

Where is pectoralis minor positioned?

A

Sits on the coracoid process (part of the scapula)

19
Q

How does the pectoralis minor move the scapula?

A

Pulls it downwards, protracting and depressing the scapula

20
Q

What innervates the pectoralis minor?

A

the medial pectoral nerve

21
Q

What kind of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A

Ball and socket (multidirectional)
Connects the head of the humerous to the glenoid fossa

22
Q

What are the muscles that position the arm in space?

A

Deltoid
Teres Major
Latissimus Dorsi

23
Q

How does the deltiod move the arm?

A

It can abduct the arm

24
Q

What innervates the deltoids?

A

The axillary nerve

25
Q

Where does the latissimus dorsi (Lats) insert?

A

Onto the humerous

26
Q

What innervates the Lats?

A

the thoracodorsal nerve

27
Q

How does teres major move the arms?

A

abducts the arms

28
Q

What innervates the teres major?

A

the lower subscapular nerve

29
Q

What does the deltoid attach to?

A

the deltoid tuberosity

30
Q

Where do the teres major and latissimus dorsi attach ?

A

a groove on the tendon

31
Q

What are the 2 heads of the pectoralis major?

A

The calvical head and the sternal head

32
Q

What movements do the pectoralis major cause?

A

flexion, medial, rotation and abduction

33
Q

What innervates the pectoralis major?

A

The medial and lateral pectoral nerves

34
Q

What are some of the factors stabilising the glenohumeral joint?

A

Glenoid labrum
tendon of the biceps brachii
fibrous joint capsule
ligaments
Rotator cuff muscles

35
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles? (SITS)

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

36
Q

What do all of the SITS attach to and what are they innervated by?

A

All attach tto the greater tubercle and are innervated by the suprascapular nerve

37
Q

How is subscapularis different from the other SITS?

A

Its round the front of the body

Anatomy (17 decks)

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