10 - Lower Limb - Anterior and medial Thigh

Question 1

What are the functions of the lower limb?

Answer 1

For movement and support of the upper body

Question 2

What are the key regions of the lower limb?

Answer 2

The glutes, thighs, legs and feet

Question 3

The major bones of the lower body?

Answer 3

Thighs - Femur
Legs - Tibia and Fibula
Feet - carpals, metacarpals and phalanges

Question 4

What does the lower limb articulate with?

Answer 4

The hip bone

Question 5

How many hip bones are there and what do they fuse with?

Answer 5

There are 2 hip bones and they fuse with the sacrum in the middle

Question 6

What are the 3 bones that make up the hip bone?

Answer 6

The Ileum, Ischium and the Pubis

Question 7

what do the 3 hip bones fuse at?

Answer 7

The Acetabulum

Question 8

What does the head of the femur articulate with?

Answer 8

The Acetabulum

Question 9

How many muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 9

7

Question 10

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 10

Iliopsoas
Quadriceps - (Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, Vastus Medialis)
Sartorius

Question 11

What do the Quadricep muscles fuse into and insert onto?

Answer 11

The Quadricep tendon and fuses onto the tibial tuberosity.

Question 12

What is the function of the muscles in the anterior compartment?

Answer 12

They FLEX the thigh at the hip and EXTEND at the knee

Question 13

What is the Iliopsoas made up of?

Answer 13

The Iliacus originating at the ileac fossa and the psoas major originating at the vertebral body

Question 14

Where does the iliopsoas insert onto?

Answer 14

The lesser trochanter

Question 15

Where does the Sartorius originate?

Answer 15

At the anterior-superior ileac spine

Question 16

Where does the Sartorius insert?

Answer 16

Onto the proximal part of the medial tibia

Question 17

What innervates all the muscles of the anterior compartment?

Answer 17

The femoral nerve

Question 18

What is the function of the muscles of the medial compartment?

Answer 18

To adduct the thigh

Question 19

What are the muscles of the medial compartment?

Answer 19

Adductor Longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Obturator externus
Pectineus

Question 20

Adductor magnus

Answer 20

Largest muscle of the medial compartment

Question 21

Gracilis

Answer 21

The most superficial and medial muscle of the medial compartment crosses at both the hip and knee joints.

Question 22

Obturator externus

Answer 22

Laterally rotates the thigh

Question 23

Pectineus

Answer 23

Flexes the thigh as well as adducting

Question 24

What innervates the muscles of the medial compartment?

Answer 24

The obturator nerve

Question 25

What is the Femoral triangle?

Answer 25

An anatomical region where important nerves and vessels pass though

Question 26

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 26

The Sartorius (Laterally)
Adductor Longus (Medially)
The inguinal Ligament (Superiorly)

Question 27

What passes through the femoral triangle?

Answer 27

femoral nerve, femoral artery and femoral vein

Question 28

What is the adductor canal?

Answer 28

An area at the apex of the femoral triangle that allows the femoral vein and artery to pass through

Question 29

What is the femoral artery a continuation of?

Answer 29

The External ileac artery

Question 30

Where does the external ileac artery turn into the femoral artery?

Answer 30

Under the inguinal ligament

Question 31

What is the Obturator artery a branch of?

Answer 31

The Internal ileac Artery

Question 32

What is the iliotibial tract?

Answer 32

A thickening of the fascia Lata/ deep fascia

Question 33

What are the 2 parts of the adductor magnus?

Answer 33

The adductor and the hamstring compartment

Question 34

What is the most common fracture site for osteoporosis in the elderly?

Answer 34

The neck of the femur