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PT605 > 9/5c Anatomical Systems Part II > Flashcards

9/5c Anatomical Systems Part II Flashcards

1
Q

Impairments of the NS

A
  • Parasthesia - pins and needles, odd feeling
  • Diminished - lost sensation
  • Weakness
  • Pain
  • Movement Dysfunction
  • Change in Deep Tendon Response - DTR (need afferent and efferent nerves to be working to generate DTR) KNEE TAP Test
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2
Q

Causes of impairment of NS

A 
Pressure
Ischemia
Metabolic/Chemical Changes
Disease
Trauma (compression, traction, severance)
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3
Q

Dendrite location

A

sensory dendrites - outside of spinal cord

motor dendrites - within spinal cord

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4
Q

Reflexes**

A

in a normal body, CNS puts a slight inhibition on the reflex so movement is less exaggerated.

  • CNS Issue: reflex would be bigger and their would be an upper motor neuron issue
  • PNS Issue: reflex would be diminished because the sensation can’t be transmitted to the motor neuron and there would be a lower motor neuron issue
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5
Q

Define all of the following bones and their positions on the body

A

Cranium, vertebra, clavicle, scapula, ribs, costal cartilage, sternum, humerus, ribs, costal margins (arches), radius, ulna, carpus, metacarpals, phalanges, hip bones, sacrum, pubic symphysis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsus, metatarsals, phalanges

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6
Q

Understand the different components of the skeletal system

A

Axial - cranium, vertebra, ribs, sacrum
Appendicular - everything else
Cartilage
-costal cartilage - costal margins and cartilage of ribs
-articular cartilage - space in between the major joints of the body
Bone

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7
Q

Joints/Articular System

A 
Don't need to know all joints, but know the following synovial joints:
Pivot
Ball and Socket
Condyloid
Plane
Saddle
Hinge
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8
Q

Important aspects to know about muscle

A

-Action
-Origin/insertion
-Blood supply
-Innervation
Peripheral
Spinal

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9
Q

Muscle Actions

A

I - isometric
C - concentric
E - eccentric

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10
Q

Myotome

A

peripheral nerve muscle innervation

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11
Q

Myotome, Upper Quarter Screen: shoulder shrug

A

C2, C3, C4

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12
Q

Myotome, Upper Quarter Screen: Shoulder ABduction

A

C5

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13
Q

Myotome, Upper Quarter Screen: Elbow Flexion

A

C6

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14
Q

Myotome, Upper Quarter Screen: Wrist Extension

A

C6

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15
Q

Myotome, Upper Quarter Screen: Elbow Extension

A

C7

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16
Q

Myotome, Upper Quarter Screen: Thumb Extension

A

C8

17
Q

Myotome, Upper Quarter Screen: Finger ABduction

A

T1

18
Q

Myotome, Lower Quarter Screen: Hip Flexion

A

L1, L2

19
Q

Myotome, Lower Quarter Screen: Knee Extension

A

L3, L4

20
Q

Myotome, Lower Quarter Screen: Dorsiflexion

A

L4, L5

21
Q

Myotome, Lower Quarter Screen: Great Toe Extension

A

L5

22
Q

Myotome, Lower Quarter Screen: Plantarflexion

A

S1

23
Q

A patient has weakness int the triceps, what peripheral nerve (image will be given-radial), what spinal segment, what sensory change?

A
  • Peripheral Nerve: radial
  • Spinal Segment: C7
  • Sensory Changes: radial nerve has sensory representation on the top of the hand and C7 spinal nerve has effects on the middle finger
24
Q

Reasons for muscle impairment

A

Peripheral nerve involvement (spinal, peripheral)
CNS Function (motor control, central inhibition - so much pain in a joint that voluntary movement is impossible)
Disuse
Injury/Mechanical Issues
Disease
Ischemia (cramping, no function, pain - heart attack)

25
Q

Signs for muscle impairment

A

Weakness (force production, endurance, power)
Decreased Control
Muscle Atrophy
Pain/Tenderness

26
Q

Clinical assessment for muscle impairment

A
  1. sensory testing - look for dermatomal distro of symptoms, peripheral cutaneous
  2. muscle testing - look for myotomal pattern of weakness, associated with the peripheral nerve
    EX:
  3. move muscles that are below where the muscle is to make sure the nerve is active
  4. look up what nerve it could be
  5. ensure blood circulation by checking the color of the skin and check for cap refill
  6. figure out how much trauma was imparted on the muscle
27
Q

symptoms of peripheral circulatory impairment

A
  • changes in skin color quality
  • pain (ischemic pain using muscles, general pain in area)
  • swelling
  • absent or decreased pulses

PT605 (34 decks)

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