8.Berlin Blockade And Air Lift

Question 1

How did Berlin differ amongst the owners and what happened there initially

1) what did Su do with eats germany
2) what did the west want in general but what did Su not want, and thus what happened
3) . Why did Stalin what the west gone from beel8n?

Answer 1

It was initially agreed to hold free elections but this never happened.

1) Su ensured East Berlin was communist, they tried for the city council but were unsuccessful as resisted by the west
2) west tried to speed economic recovery in Germany as quick as possible but Su wanted it as slow as possible so safe from future attack. Therefore, they REFUSED to allow trade with other zones in Berlin
3) Berlin was in eastern Germany. Stalin wanted the allies gone as affluent capitalist lifestyle in display to everyone. West wanted to remain to keep an eye out on east…

Question 2

What was bizonia and how did thoughts differ.

Answer 2

Was the joint allied stance of USA and Britain in jan 1947. Here a separate currency was used and elections set. Stalin scarred These would spread.

Question 3

When was the Berlin blockade?

Answer 3

6 am June 24 1948 to 12 May 1949

Question 4

What happened in the Berlin blockade?

Answer 4

The su stopped all rail, road and canal traffic from west Germany to sectors of Berlin under western control and cut off all gas, coal and electrical supplies from east Berlin into West Berlin

Question 5

What did the Berlin blockade cause?

Answer 5

2.5 million in West Berlin were surrounded by soviet troops being short of power and resources

Question 6

What happened in 1947 that caused the blockade?

Answer 6

When Britain and the USA joined their zones to create bizonia and then France joined in 1948 creating trizonia for further economic recovery creating a clearer divide between east and west

Question 7

How did blockade happen?
1) what did they walk out of (Su), why (what was it anyways)
2)as Marshall aid given to west, what did soviet troops start doing in May
3( what was announced in June for new state/ currency
4) then 24th June …

Answer 7

1) MARCH 1948 :Su walked out of allied control commission , complaining west made it unworkable. (Set up in 1945 to administer all zones)
2) APRIL: as Marshall aid given to west, soviet troops began to hold up and search road and rail traffic entering West Berlin
3) JUNE: west announced west german state, independent and western DEUTSCHMARK. SU retaliated with Ostmark, their own currency for east Germany an Berlin .

4) 24th KUNE : Stalin accused west of interfering in soviet zone. He cut off road, rail and canal traffic in attempt to starve West Berlin. ..

Question 8

Give two examples to show Stalin wanted Germany to stay weak and so the blockade was important for this to happen.

Answer 8

• By 1948, west Germany was receiving Marshall aid but east Germany was not because it was forbidden to.
• the su also stripped the east from industrial resources as part of reparations

Question 9

Why did Truman do the airlift

Answer 9

Determined to stand up to the Union commit to containment . Also if he they let Berlin go, west Germany may be next. Truman wanted it to be a symbol of freedom in the iron curtain.

Question 10

What was the Berlin airlift doing?

Answer 10

Food and resources were being flown to West Berlin by the British and Americans, oil and building materials

Question 11

What was it code named and what did Truman put in Britain as a warning ?

Answer 11

Code names operation “plainfare” by British and Truman ordered B-29 bombers in Britain capable of carrying atomic bombs. The Su was now within us bombing range.

Question 12

How was the Berlin airlift happening? (Stats) important

Answer 12

With planes flying in 4600 tonnes of supplies a day but by 16th to 17th April 1949, 1398 flights landed almost 13000 tonnes of supplies in just 24 hrs (known as the Easter parade)

Question 13

How precise were the plane landings?

Answer 13

Had to fly both day and night along the air corridors with a landing time of exactly 90 second intervals

Question 14

What did Stalin try do and how many left?
Why didn’t more leave?
What did he hope about weather conditions

Answer 14

Persuade people to move from west to east, 3% complied

More didn’t Leave due to the great determination of the west Berliners
That the winter would stop it but it didn’t

Question 15

What was total number of planes during airlift and a erste tonnes?

Answer 15

275k flights with 4K tonnes per day

Question 16

How was the airlift significant to America? How did Su perceive it to be ?

Answer 16

• propaganda that the us could openly stand up to communism
• presented America’s 10 month victory in the struggle against communism, Stalin humiliation but made it seem like it was all Washington’s doing and due to the Su America ended their own blockade (they tried to incite war apparently)

Question 17

How was the airlift significant to the Cold War

Answer 17

Definitely signified it’s beginning as it made war very possible in that time (if Stalin shot them) and relations between east and west became irreparable. Stalin was embarrassed to, so even more determination to beat the west…

Question 18

Give features of the airlift itself that show the west were determined to stand up to communism

Answer 18

The operation was dangerous and they only had 90 second intervals to land, and there were weather Ballons placed awkwardly they had to dodge…

Question 19

Give consequence sir the airlift and blockade…

Answer 19

1) Germany was now permanently divided and relations between 2) east and west had worsened
3) it lead to the creation of NATO

Question 20

Name organisations created as a consequence of the airlift that prove the division between east and west had worsened

Answer 20

• west Germany becoming the federal republic of Germany in 23 may 1949
• German democratic republic of October 1949 as an su style communist state
• in April 1949 the North Atlantic treaty organisation (NATO) was created where the USA was to protect west Europe but the su rival Warsaw Pact was created 6 yrs later

Question 21

How was germany now divided post crisis?

Answer 21

A few days after blockade over, west allies announced all zones and West Berlin would combine to form the Federal republic of Germany (FRG) in MAY

Stalin responded rapidly and in OCTOBER of 1949 the soviet zone became the GERMAN democratic republic (GDR).

Now two separate states shows the division if Germany

Question 22

When was the Berlin airlift?

Answer 22

June 26 1948 to May 12 1949

Question 23

What did Stalin think the blockade could do?

Answer 23

Force the allies out of West Berlin by starving the population and leaving them dependant on the su