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7th Grade Social Studies > 7th SS Chapter 8.1 - 8.3 Guided Reading > Flashcards

7th SS Chapter 8.1 - 8.3 Guided Reading Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did a crisis erupt over Missouri’s admission to the Union?

A

Missouri’s admission would have given the Southern slave states a majority

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2
Q

Who wrote the Missouri Compromise?

A

Henry Clay

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3
Q

What were the provisions of the Missouri Compromise?

A
  1. Congress drew and imaginary line extending the southern border of Missouri at latitude 36 degrees 30’H
  2. Slavery would be permitted in the part of the Louisiana Purchase south of that line.
  3. Slavery would be banned north of the line except in Missouri
    a.
    b.
    c.
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4
Q

What was the Wilmot Proviso?

A

A law that called for the ban of slavery in any territory won from Mexico

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5
Q

Did the Wilmot Proviso become a law?

A

No

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6
Q

What is popular sovereignty?

A

The right of people to create their government

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7
Q

What was the Free Soil Party?

A

Their main goal was to keep slavery out of the western territories.

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8
Q

Who was the Free Soilers presidential candidate?

A

Martin Van Buren

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9
Q

Who won the election of 1848?

A

Zackery Taylor

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10
Q

What did the success of Free Soil Party show?

A

That slavery had become a national issue

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11
Q

In 1849 there were _______ slave states and ________ free states.

A

15; 15

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12
Q

What was Henry Clay’s nickname?

A

“the Great Compromiser”

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13
Q

What did Calhoun threaten if the South did’t get into its way?

A

The South would use force to leave the Union.

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14
Q

Who helped Clay with the Compromise of 1850?

A

Stephen Douglas

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15
Q

What are the 5 main provisions of the Compromise of 1850?

A
  1. It allowed California to enter Union as a free state
  2. It divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into the territories of New Mexico and Utah. And that the issue of slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty
  3. Ended slave trade in Washington DC
  4. Included a strict fugitive slave law
  5. Settled the border dispute between Texas and New Mexico
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16
Q

What did the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 do?

A
  1. Required all citizens to help catch African Americans trying to escape slavery
  2. People who let fugitives escape could be fined $1000 and jailed
  3. Setup special courts to handle cases of runaways
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17
Q

To counter act the Fugitive Slave Act many states passed _________.

A

Personal Liberty Laws

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18
Q

What book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe changed the way northerners felt about slavery?

A

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

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19
Q

___________ introduced a bill to set up a government for the lands covering the northwestern part of the Louisiana Purchase.

A

Stephan Douglas

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20
Q

This bill became known as the ________.

A

Kansas-Nebraska Act

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21
Q

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act state?

A
  1. That the northwestern part of the Louisiana Purchase would be divided into two territories
  2. That the settlers living in the territories would be able to decide the issue of slavery by popular sovereignty.
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22
Q

Why were Northerners angry?

A

Because the Missouri Compromise had already banned slavery in Kansas and Nebraska so the Kansas-Nebraska Act would be repealing the Missouri Compromise.

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23
Q

Pro slavery bands of men poured over the border into Kansas to battle antislavery bands. They were called ______.

A

Border Ruffians

24
Q

How did the vote turn out?

A

Hundred of border ruffians crossed into Kansas and voted illegally which helped elect a proslavery legislature.

25
Q

What did the antislavery groups do?

A

They refused to accept the proslavery legislature. So they elected they own governor and legislature. Kansas was in chaos

26
Q

What happened in Lawrence Kansas in 1856?

A

A band of proslavery men raided the town of Lawrence Kansas which was a antislavery stronghold.

27
Q

Who struck back and where?

A

John Brown, his four sons and others rode into Pottawatomic Creek in the middle of the night. They dragged five proslavery settlers from their beds and murdered them.

28
Q

What was Kansas known as?

A

Bleeding Kansas

29
Q

What violent act in the Senate showed the nation was heading to a civil war?

A

Congressman Preston Brooks, Andrew Butlers nephew, beat Senator Charles Summer with a cane.

30
Q

What did the Supreme Court decide in Dred Scott v. Sanford?

A
  1. That Scott could not file a lawsuit because as an enslaved person he was not a citizen. That slaves were considered property.
  2. That Congress did not have the power to outlaw slavery in any territory
31
Q

What did the Democratic Party begin to divide over?

A

Over the issue of slavery

32
Q

What did abolitionist spoke out against Dred Scott decision?

A

That slaves were property and cannot be citizens of the United States

33
Q

What groups formed the Republican Party?

A
  1. Free-Soilers
  2. Northern Democrats
  3. Antislavery Whigs
34
Q

Who were the candidates for the Presidential election of 1856? Who won?

A
  1. John C Fremont - Republican Party
  2. Hanes Buchanan - Democratic Party - WON
  3. Millard Fillmore - Know-Nothing Party
35
Q

What was the next test for the Republican Party?

A

In 1858 in Illinois, Abraham Lincoln a Republican challengedDemocrat Stephen Douglas for his Senate seat.

36
Q

What occurred in this campaign?

A

Lincoln challenges Douglas to a series of 7 debates. Slavery was the important issue.

37
Q

Who was the winner? What happened to the loser?

A

Douglas was the winner; but Lincoln was a winner too. He gained national recognition.

38
Q

What event happened in 1859?

A

Radical abolitionist, John Brown carried his antislavery campaign east. He planned a raid on a federal arsenal.

39
Q

Who were the candidates in the election of 1860?

A
  1. Stephan Douglas - Northern Democrat
  2. John Breckinridge - Southern Democrat
  3. John Bell - Constitutional Union Party
  4. Abraham Lincoln - Republican
40
Q

On how many southern states did Lincoln’s name not appear on the ballot?

A

10

41
Q

What was the South’s reaction to Lincoln’s election?

A

They believed it meant that the South no longer had a voice in national government

42
Q

Who tried one last effort to heal the nation?

A

Senator John Crittencken of Kentucky - he introduced a bill to extend the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific

43
Q

When did South Carolina secede?

A

December 20, 1860

44
Q

By February 1861, which other states left the Union?

A
  1. Alabama
  2. Florida
  3. Georgia
  4. Louisiana
  5. Mississippi
  6. Texas
45
Q

Who was elected President of the Confederate States of America?

A

Jefferson Davis

46
Q

What did Lincoln’s first inaugural address express ideas about?

A
  1. Union
  2. Liberty
  3. Equality
  4. Government
47
Q

What did Davis emphasize in his inaugural address?

A

That government exists only with the consent of the governed.

48
Q

What action caused the war to start?

A

When the Confederate troops fired across the Charleston Harbor at Fort Sumter, one of only four remaining federal fort in the South.

49
Q

In April 1861, what four of the remaining slave states left the Union?

A
  1. Arkansas
  2. Tennessee
  3. North Carolina
  4. Virginia
50
Q

Which state remaining was most critical to stay in the Union? Why?

A

Maryland - because since it ordered the nation’s capital - Washington DC

51
Q

What are the strengths of the Confederacy?

A
  1. Defending their homeland and their way of life gave them a strong reason to fight
  2. Confederate soldiers know the southern country side better
  3. Friendly civilians helped the Confederate soldiers
  4. They used the woods for cover to defend themselves.
52
Q

What are the weaknesses of the Confederacy?

A
  1. They had few factories to produce weapons and other supplies
  2. They had few railroads to move troops and supplies
  3. Railroads they had didn’t connect to one another
  4. Confederate government often had difficult to get things done.
  5. Small population
53
Q

What are the strengths of the North?

A
  1. Large population for soldiers and to provide supplies
  2. Industry was the North’s greatest resource
  3. 70% of nations railroads were in the North
  4. A strong Navy
  5. A large fleet of trading ships
54
Q

What are the weaknesses of the North?

A
  1. They would have to conquer a huge area
  2. They were invading an unfamiliar land
  3. The supply lines would be much longer as they marched south.
55
Q

What was the leadership qualities of Jefferson Davis?

A
  1. Had a military background
  2. Respected for his honesty and courage
  3. Worried about small details and argued with his advisors
56
Q

What was the leadership qualities of Abraham Lincoln?

A
  1. Proved to be patient but strong leader
  2. A fine planner
  3. Sense of humor
57
Q

What was the leadership qualities of Robert E. Lee?

A

Though Lincoln asked him to command the Union Army, when Virginia seceded he chose to fight with his state. He became the Commander of the Confederate army.

7th Grade Social Studies (35 decks)

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