7.4,5,12 Contd: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Question 1

What is the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium used for?

Answer 1

• a model used to assess whether natural selection or other factors are causing evolution at a particular locus

Question 2

What does the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium determine? (2)

Answer 2

• What the genetic makeup of the population would be if it were not evolving
• this is then compared to the actual data

Question 3

What happens if there are no differences or there are differences in the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium?

Answer 3

• if there are no differences, then the population in NOT evolving
• if there are differences they MAY BE evolving

Question 4

What does the Hardy Weinberg principle state?

Answer 4

• the frequencies alleles (% of dom/rec) and genotypes (% Hd, hetero, HR) in a population will remain constant from generation to generation, provided that only Mendelian Segregation and recombination of alleles are at work.

Question 5

Remember that the HWE model is a ____ situation where no _____ takes place. In real populations, the allele and genotype frequencies do __ over time.

Answer 5

• hypothetical
• evolution
• change
  We use HW as a baseline comparison in a perfect world

Question 6

What five conditions must be met to be in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium?

Answer 6

1. No mutations
2. Random mating
3. No natural selection
4. Extremely large population size
5. No gene flow

Question 7

What happens if one of the 5 conditions are met?

Answer 7

• microevolution occurs (mutations, gene flow, genetic drfit, etc.)

Question 8

Why is genetic diversity important in a population? (2)

Answer 8

• The more Genetic diversity, the better a population can respond to changes in the environment
• more likely to be individuals that can with stand changes because species with low genetic diversity are at risk of decline and or extinction