3.5 Continued: Problems For C3 Plants And Adaptations Flashcards

1
Q

What is photorespiration?

A

On very hot days, plants close their stomata to stop water loss

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2
Q

Why is photorespiration bad for plants? (3)

A
  • causes less CO2 to be present, and more O2
  • then Rubisco will bind to O2 and use ATP
  • this produces more CO2 but no sugar is produced
    (Rubisco binding to O2 is insufficient and wont build the carbs we need)
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3
Q

How have plants that live in hot, dry climates evolved to have alternate mechanisms of carbon fixation? Like what type of plants do we have now?

A
  • C4 plants

- CAM plants

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4
Q

What do C4 plants do? (5)

A
  • have spatial separation of steps :compartmentalization
    1. stomata partially close to conserve water
    2. Mesophyll cells fix CO2 into a 4-C molecule
    3. Transferred to bundle sheath cells
    4. Releases CO2 to be used in the Calvin Cycle
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5
Q

What are examples of C4 plants?

A
  • corn, grasses, sugar cane
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6
Q

What do CAM plants do to their stomata?

A
  • open stomata at night (cooler, less evaporation) and close during the day (hot, increase temp)
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7
Q

What do CAM plants do to themselves? (2)

A
  1. CO2 is incorporated into organic acids and stored in vacuoles ( in mesophyll)
  2. During the day, light reactions occur and CO2 is released from the organic acids and incorporated into the Calvin Cycle
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8
Q

What are examples of CAM plants?

A

Pineapple, cacti, succulents, jade

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