7,4,5, 12 Contd: Genetic Drift Flashcards
1
Q
What is genetic drift?
A
- Chance events that cause a change in allele frequency
from one generation to the next
2
Q
What is allele frequency?
A
% of a dominant or recessive allele in a population
3
Q
Genetic drift is most significant to __ ___.
A
Small populations
4
Q
What can genetic drift lead to? (2)
A
- loss of genetic variation
- cause harmful alleles to become fixed

5
Q
Genetic drift does not produce what
A
Adaptations
6
Q
What are the two types of genetic drift?
A
- bottle neck effect
- founder effect
7
Q
What is the bottleneck effect? (3)
A
- when a large population is drastically reduced by a non-selective disaster
- floods, famine, fires, hurricanes, hunting, etc.
- some alleles may become overrepresented, underrepresented, or absent
8
Q
What is the founder effect?
A
When a few individuals become isolated from a population, and establish a new population with a gene pool that differs from the large population
9
Q
What does the founder effect cause?
A
Loss in genetic diversity
10
Q
What is gene flow? (3)
A
- The transfer of alleles into or out of a population due to fertile individual or gametes
- alleles can be transferred between populations
- example is pollen being blown to a new location
