3.6-7: Cellular Respiration Generally Flashcards
Cells harvest _____ energy stored in ___ molecules and use it to generate ___.
- Chemical
- organic
- ATP
What is the cellular respiration reaction?
Organic molecules + oxygen —> CO2 + H2O + energy
C6H12O2 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP + HEAT
What is the major source of fuel for animals? What does it break down into?
- Starch
- glucose
One atom of hydrogen has 1 ___ and 1 ____. An ion of hydrogen has 1_____.
- proton
- electron
- proton
Movement of protons means movement of __.
H+
How does the oxidation of glucose aid in ATP synthesis?
- oxidation of glucose transfer electron to a lower energy state, releasing nrg to be used in ATP synthesis
During cellular respiration, most electrons will follow this “downhill” exergonic path. What is this path?
Glucose —> NADH (as a transporter) —> ETC —> oxygen (form h2O)
- Please see flash on goodnotes
NADH acts as a transporter, meaning?
It moves electrons to where they are supposed to go
- btw its a coenzyme I think
What are the steps of breaking down glucose in order to harvest energy? (4)
- Each electron taken travels with a proton (H+)
- Dehydrogenases take 2 electrons and 2 protons from glucose (remove 2 hydrogen atoms) (oxidizing agent for glucose)
- Tranfers 2 electrons and 1 proton to the coenzyme NAD+, which reduces to NADH that stores the energy
— other proton is released into surrounding solution as H+ - NADH carries electron to the electron transport chain
Which area of the mitochondria is the electron transport chain?
Cristae
What is the electron transport chain?
- A sequence of membrane proteins that shuttle electrons down a series of redox reactions
What is a redox reaction?
The sum of reducing and oxidizing reactions
Why is the electron transport chain important, in terms of energy, and how? (3)
- releases energy used to make ATP
- ETC transfers electrons to O2, the final electron acceptor to make water
- releases energy
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
- Glycolysis
- Pyruvate oxidation (prep rxn) and the citric acid cycle (krebs or tricarboxylic acid cycle)
- Oxidative phosphorylation (ETC and chemiosmosis)
Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
Cytoplasm