3.6-7: Cellular Respiration Generally Flashcards

1
Q

Cells harvest _____ energy stored in ___ molecules and use it to generate ___.

A
  • Chemical
  • organic
  • ATP
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2
Q

What is the cellular respiration reaction?

A

Organic molecules + oxygen —> CO2 + H2O + energy

C6H12O2 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP + HEAT

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3
Q

What is the major source of fuel for animals? What does it break down into?

A
  • Starch

- glucose

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4
Q

One atom of hydrogen has 1 ___ and 1 ____. An ion of hydrogen has 1_____.

A
  • proton
  • electron
  • proton
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5
Q

Movement of protons means movement of __.

A

H+

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6
Q

How does the oxidation of glucose aid in ATP synthesis?

A
  • oxidation of glucose transfer electron to a lower energy state, releasing nrg to be used in ATP synthesis
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7
Q

During cellular respiration, most electrons will follow this “downhill” exergonic path. What is this path?

A

Glucose —> NADH (as a transporter) —> ETC —> oxygen (form h2O)
- Please see flash on goodnotes

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8
Q

NADH acts as a transporter, meaning?

A

It moves electrons to where they are supposed to go

- btw its a coenzyme I think

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9
Q

What are the steps of breaking down glucose in order to harvest energy? (4)

A
  1. Each electron taken travels with a proton (H+)
  2. Dehydrogenases take 2 electrons and 2 protons from glucose (remove 2 hydrogen atoms) (oxidizing agent for glucose)
  3. Tranfers 2 electrons and 1 proton to the coenzyme NAD+, which reduces to NADH that stores the energy
    — other proton is released into surrounding solution as H+
  4. NADH carries electron to the electron transport chain
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10
Q

Which area of the mitochondria is the electron transport chain?

A

Cristae

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11
Q

What is the electron transport chain?

A
  • A sequence of membrane proteins that shuttle electrons down a series of redox reactions
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12
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

The sum of reducing and oxidizing reactions

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13
Q

Why is the electron transport chain important, in terms of energy, and how? (3)

A
  • releases energy used to make ATP
  • ETC transfers electrons to O2, the final electron acceptor to make water
  • releases energy
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14
Q

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

A
  1. Glycolysis
  2. Pyruvate oxidation (prep rxn) and the citric acid cycle (krebs or tricarboxylic acid cycle)
  3. Oxidative phosphorylation (ETC and chemiosmosis)
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15
Q

Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?

A

Cytoplasm

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16
Q

Glycolysis is the primitive form of what?

A
  • primitive form of cellular respiration before the evolution of eukaryotes (occurs in all cells)