7.1.5 Flashcards
What is the goal when assessing patients with impaired visual function?
To understand both the cause of impairment and its functional impact.
Name some common causes of visual impairment.
- Refractive errors
- Macular degeneration
- Glaucoma
- Cataracts
- Diabetic retinopathy
How should the refraction routine be adapted for patients with amblyopia?
Refraction should be carefully adjusted in children to prevent further deterioration in the vision of the weaker eye.
What assessment is essential for patients with low vision?
A low vision assessment to provide the most appropriate refraction for everyday tasks.
What is the focus of the refraction routine for presbyopia patients?
Achieving optimal near vision for tasks like reading and close work.
True or False: Patients with significant visual impairment can always reach standard visual acuity levels.
False
What is the purpose of using specialist charts in vision assessment?
To measure visual acuity and assess functional vision accurately.
What does LogMAR stand for?
Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution.
Which chart is considered more precise for measuring visual acuity in low vision patients?
LogMAR chart.
What is assessed using the Bailey-Lovie Near Vision Chart?
Near vision acuity.
How does the Pelli-Robson Chart measure contrast sensitivity?
By using letters of decreasing contrast against a background.
What lighting conditions can affect patients with low vision?
- Bright, direct light may cause glare
- Insufficient light can make it harder to distinguish objects.
What defines moderate visual impairment?
Visual acuity of 6/18 to 6/60 in the better eye.
What visual acuity qualifies as profound visual impairment?
Visual acuity worse than 3/60.
What is the classification for blindness according to visual acuity?
Visual acuity in the better eye is less than 3/60 or field of vision restricted to less than 10 degrees.
What should be done if a patient has low vision?
Refer them for a low vision assessment.
What is the importance of patient education regarding low vision?
To help patients understand how lighting and contrast can improve their quality of life.
What is the typical distance for setting up the Pelli-Robson chart?
1 meter (3.3 feet).
What is considered a normal contrast sensitivity score?
Around 1.8 or better.
What conditions can cause reduced contrast sensitivity?
- Macular degeneration
- Glaucoma
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Cataracts
- Optic neuropathy
What does a score below 1.5 on the Pelli-Robson chart indicate?
Moderate contrast sensitivity loss.
What is the clinical significance of abnormal contrast sensitivity results?
They may not be picked up by standard visual acuity tests.
What should you do if a patient can identify two letters in a row on the Pelli-Robson chart?
Record that row as the score.
What does a contrast sensitivity score below 1.0 indicate?
Severe contrast sensitivity loss.
Fill in the blank: Patients with scores below 1.0 may experience difficulty seeing in _______.
[low-light environments]
