6.1.15 Flashcards
What are adverse ocular reactions?
Unintended side effects that medications can have on the eye, both systemic and topical.
Why is recognizing adverse ocular reactions early important?
It is critical for managing the patient’s ocular health and preventing long-term damage.
What is the BNF?
British National Formulary, a key source of information regarding medication side effects.
What does the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) provide?
A comprehensive list of known side effects, including ocular reactions, for all licensed drugs.
What role does the MHRA play in monitoring adverse drug reactions?
The MHRA monitors adverse drug reactions and provides updates on new findings, including ocular reactions.
What is the Yellow Card Scheme?
The UK’s national system for reporting adverse drug reactions.
Name a common ocular side effect of Beta-blockers.
Dry eyes, blurred vision, ocular irritation.
What ocular side effect can ACE inhibitors cause?
Angioedema, which may lead to swelling around the eyes.
List some ocular side effects associated with SSRIs.(selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors - meds for mental health)
- Dry eye
- Blurred vision
- Pupillary dilation
What ocular issues can long-term steroid use lead to?
- Cataract formation
- Glaucoma
- Delayed wound healing
What is bull’s-eye maculopathy?
A characteristic pattern of retinal damage associated with chronic use of antimalarial drugs.
What symptoms can Tetracyclines cause?
Pseudotumor cerebri, leading to papilledema and headaches.
What can prolonged use of steroid eye drops result in?
- Increased intraocular pressure
- Steroid-induced glaucoma
- Cataracts
- Delayed corneal healing
Identify a potential side effect of antihistamine eye drops.
Eye irritation, dryness, or blurred vision.
What should be included in a thorough patient history when identifying adverse reactions?
Any new medications or changes in regimen and new symptoms such as blurred vision or ocular pain.
What is the purpose of the Yellow Card Scheme?
To collect information on adverse drug reactions and medical device incidents.
Who can report to the Yellow Card Scheme?
- Healthcare professionals
- Patients
- Carers
What types of reactions should be reported to the Yellow Card Scheme?
- Adverse drug reactions (ADRs)
- Medical device issues
- Medication errors
- Unexpected reactions
What details are required when reporting an adverse reaction?
- Suspected drug or device
- Description of the adverse reaction
- Patient details
- Date of reaction onset
- Concomitant medications
- Action taken
How can adverse reactions be reported?
- Online form via MHRA website
- Yellow Card app
- Paper forms
Why is reporting adverse reactions important?
- Identify patterns or emerging issues
- Monitor safety profile of medications
- Ensure public health safety
- Update drug safety labels
Name an ocular reaction that should be reported.
Vision loss linked to medications like hydroxychloroquine.
Fill in the blank: The Yellow Card Scheme helps _______ potential risks of drugs and devices.
identify
What is the Yellow Card Scheme?
A key part of the UK’s system for monitoring the safety of medicines and medical devices
Who established the Yellow Card Scheme?
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)
What is the main purpose of the Yellow Card Scheme?
To collect information on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and medical device incidents
What types of professionals can report to the Yellow Card Scheme?
- Optometrists
- Doctors
- Nurses
- Pharmacists
- Dentists
Can patients report side effects using the Yellow Card Scheme?
Yes, patients and carers can report directly to the MHRA
What are adverse drug reactions (ADRs)?
Any harmful or unintended reaction to a drug or medication
What issues related to medical devices can be reported?
Problems with devices, including malfunction, injury, or failure to perform as expected
What are medication errors?
Instances where medications are prescribed, dispensed, or administered incorrectly
What details are required when reporting an adverse reaction?
- The suspected drug or device
- Details of the adverse reaction
- Patient details
- Date of reaction onset
- Concomitant medications
- Action taken
How can adverse reactions be reported via the Yellow Card Scheme?
- Online via the MHRA website
- Mobile App for iOS and Android
- Paper forms upon request from the MHRA
Why is it important to report adverse reactions?
- Identify patterns or emerging issues
- Monitor safety profiles
- Ensure public health safety
- Update drug safety labels
What are some ocular reactions that should be reported?
- Vision loss from hydroxychloroquine
- Eye irritation from antihistamines
- Cataracts from steroid use
- Glaucoma from topical medications
- Corneal toxicity from antibiotic eye drops
Fill in the blank: The Yellow Card Scheme helps ensure patient safety and improves public health by identifying potential _______.
risks associated with drugs or medical devices
True or False: The Yellow Card Scheme is only for healthcare professionals to report adverse reactions.
False
