7 haemorrhagic stroke

Question 1

what is haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 1

Caused by bleeding into brain tissue, the ventricles or subarachnoid space
 May be due to spontaneous rupture of small vessels primarily related to hypertansion

Question 2

types of haemmorhagic stroke

Answer 2

subarachnoid

intracerebral

Question 3

subarachnoid stroke causes

Answer 3

ruptured aneurysm

Question 4

intracerebral stroke causes

Answer 4

amyloid angiopathy,
arterial venous malformations (AVMs),
intracranial aneurysm
a medications such as anticoagulants

Question 5

what happens during haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 5

 Brain metabolism is disrupted by exposure to blood 
Intracranial pressure (ICP) increases due to blood in the subarachnoid space
Compression or secondary Compression or secondary ischaemia  from reduced perfusion and vasoconstriction causes injury to brain tissue

Question 6

signs of haemorrhagic stroke

Answer 6

same with ischaemic stroke
vomitng
headache
early and sudden changes in LOC

Question 7

diagnosis of haemorrhagic stroke

Answer 7

Ct scan, cerebral angiography, lumbar punctureif ct is negativeand icp is not elevated to confirm

Question 8

prevention of haemorrhagic stroke

Answer 8

control of hypertension

Question 9

medical management of haemorrhagic stroke

Answer 9

care pirmarily supportive
oxygen
bed rest with sedation
treatment of vasospasm, increased icp, potential seizure prevention of further bleeding

Question 10

Nursing process: The patient recovering from an ischaemic stroke Acute phase

Answer 10

Ongoing/frequent monitoring of all systems including vital
signs and neurologic assessment —LOC, motor, speech and eye symptoms
monitor potential complication including muscukolosketal problems, swallowing difficulties, respiratory problems and signs and symptoms of increased ICP and meningeal irritation

Question 11

Nursing process: The patient recovering from an ischaemic stroke, after stroke

Answer 11

Focus on patient function; self -care ability, coping and teaching care ability, needs to facilitate rehabilitation

Question 12

intervantions haemmorhagic stroke

Answer 12

focus on the whole person
provide interventions to prevent complications and to and promote rehabilitation
provide support and encouragement
listento the patient

Question 13

improving mobilty and preventing joint deformities: upper limb

Answer 13

use splints
turn and postition in correct alignment every 2 hours
passive/ active ROM 4-5 times a day
positioning of hand and fingers
prevention of lexion contrctures
prevention of shoulder adduction
do not lft by flaccid shoulder
measure to prevent and treat shoulder problem

Question 14

improving mobility and preventing joint deformities: ower limb

Answer 14

passive/ active ROM 4-5 times a day
encourage regular exercise routine, unaffected side
assist out of bed 
ambulation training
quadriceps setting and gluteal exercises

Question 15

intervention stroke nutrition

Answer 15

consult with a speech therapist and nutritional services
have pt sit up, preferably out of bed
chin tuck, swallowing method
use thickened liquids or pureed diet

Question 16

intervention stroke bowel and bladder control

Answer 16

assessment voiding and scheduled voiding
measures to prevent constipation- fibre, fluid and toileting
bowel and bladder training

Question 17

home care and teaching for the pt recovering from a stroke

Answer 17

prevention of subsequent stroke, health promotion, and follow-up care
medication teaching
prevention of signs of complication
socialisation and support group
elimination- bladder and bowel programs
adaptive strategies and use assistive devices
adaptive measure, use of adls