13 hematological system Flashcards
What does the word “haematopoietic” mean?
} Relates to all blood making processes
What is its function?“haematopoietic”
} To differentiate and proliferate different stem cells to
form various components of the blood
} All blood cells and plasma develop from
a stem cell that
can develop into any other cell.
Circulating blood volume is approx
8% of body
weight (about 4-5 L in an adult 70 kg man)
About half of that is plasma how many ml?
(2-3 Litres)
• Consists of two parts blood
- Plasma (liquid containing water, proteins, nutrients, gases,
hormones and waste products) - Formed elements (red cells, white cells and platelets)
Plasma
• Clear yellow fluid containing blood cells/other
substances, either dissolved or bound to protein
main plasma protein
Albumin
serum when no clotting factors included
when no clotting factors included in plasma
Lymph
tissue fluid which enters lymphatic vessels after leakage at arterial end of capillaries
The spleen
Involved in the physiology of blood
Four functions:
The spleen Four functions:
ü Production of RBC’s in foetal development
ü Filtering old/defective RBCs
ü Immune function – lymphocytes/monocytes
ü Storage of platelets
The spleen becomes enlarge in a number of conditions
ü Infections (mononucleosis, toxoplasmosis, endocarditis).
ü Cancers, for example, lymphoma and leukaemia.
ü Liver diseases (cirrhosis due to excessive alcohol use).
ü Inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis).
ü Trauma
Signs and symptoms of an
enlarged spleen do not
occur commonly, but some
people may have:
§ Indigestion and a feeling of fullness because the enlarged spleen can compress the stomach § Hiccups because of diaphragm irritation § Pain in the upper abdomen that may radiate to the back or shoulder blade.
