13 c blast

Question 1

“Blast”

Answer 1

is Greek from blastos meaning “germ”

Question 2

classification of blood cells

Answer 2

1. White blood cells (WBC’s) otherwise known as
   leukocytes can be grouped further into
   ◦ Agranulocytes
   ◦ Granulocytes
2. Red Blood cells (RBC’s) - erythrocytes
3. Platelets - thrombocytes

Question 3

◦ Granulocytes

Answer 3

(neutrophils, esinophils, basophils)

Question 4

◦ Agranulocytes

Answer 4

(lymphocytes, monocytes)

Question 5

“osis”

Answer 5

– increase in circulating cells

Question 6

“ia” -

Answer 6

also denotes increase

Question 7

“paenia

Answer 7

}” - decrease (eg. neutropenia is a decrease in no. of

circulating neutrophils)

Question 8

Thrombocytosis
} Thrombocytopaenia
} Leukocytosis
} Leukopaenia

Answer 8

– more platelets than normal
– less platelets than needed
–more circulating wbc’s
– less circulating wbc’s

Question 9

White blood cells (WBC’s) - Leukocytes

} Divided into

Answer 9

o 5 different cell types according to function,
size and nuclear structure.
} Granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils)
} Agranulocytes (lymphocytes: B + T), monocytes)

Question 10

leucocyte function

Neutrophils are

Answer 10

he first line of defence against invading microorganisms, containing enzymes and antibody like substances
called ‘defensins’ (antimicrobial peptides active against bacteria
and fungi).

Question 11

Secrete Platelet Aggregation Factor (PAF)

Answer 11

which accelerates the

aggregation of platelet during injury to the blood vessels

Question 12

. Eosinophils

Answer 12

secrete lethal substances at the time of exposure

to foreign proteins/parasites

Question 13

. Basophill

Answer 13

granules release some important substances like
histamine – Acute hypersensitivity reaction- vascular changes,
increase capillary permeability and heparin to prevent intravascular blood clotting

Question 14

} WCC : normal values

Answer 14

4.0-10.0 x 109/L.

Question 15

Leucocyte (white cell) differential count
} Neutrophils:
} Eosinophils:
} Basophils
} Monocytes: 
} Lymphocytes:

Answer 15

} Neutrophils: 2.0-7.0 x 109/L
} Eosinophils: 0.02-0.5 x 109/L
} Basophils: 0.05-0.1 x 109/L
} Monocytes: 0.2-1.0 x 109/L
} Lymphocytes: 1.0-3.0 x 109/L

Question 16

Neutrophils typically target

Answer 16

bacteria and fungi

and destroy these pathogens by phagocytosis

Question 17

} Eosinophils typically target

Answer 17

parasites and

involved in allergic inflammatory responses

Question 18

} Basophils typically

Answer 18

store histamine for release

during inflammation response