7 – Diseases of the Nasal Cavity, Larynx and Trachea Flashcards
1
Q
Clinical signs with nasal cavity diseases
A
- Sneezing
- Nasal discharge
- *non-specific
2
Q
Diseases of dogs
A
- Aspergillosis
- Foreign body rhinitis
- Allergic rhinitis
- Carcinomas
- Brachycephalic syndrome
3
Q
Aspergillosis
A
- Fungal infection in nasal cavity (can go into sinuses)
- primarily in dogs
- goes relatively far back
- can be very destructive
- sneezing +/- nasal discharge (may have blood)
o macrophages and neutrophils - Not sure what the initiating cause is (does NOT require immunosuppression)
4
Q
Aspergillosis nasal discharge
A
- *sometimes discharge is THICKER and GREENISH colouration
- Unilateral nasal discharge (may become bilateral later)
- Can be foul smelling
5
Q
Foreign body/allergic rhinitis
A
- Often unilateral nasal discharge +/- sneezing
- Inflammation=granulomatous, suppurative, pyogranulomatous
o Macrophages and neutrophils (mix) - *acute onset
6
Q
Allergic rhinitis
A
- Nasal discharge can have a lot of eosinophils
7
Q
Eosinophils
A
- Allergies
- Parasites
8
Q
Carcinomas
A
- No specific types
- Benign or malignant
- Epithelial or mesenchymal
- Sneezing (may have blood)
- Unilateral nasal discharge (creamy or bloody)
- *most common=adenocarcinoma
9
Q
Brachycephalic syndrome (ex. SOME brachycephalic dogs)
A
- Small nares
- Elongated soft palate
- Everted laryngeal ventricles (increased respiratory effort)
- Tracheal hypoplasia (see tracheal collapse)
10
Q
Abnormal trachea in brachycephalic syndrome
A
- Flattened
- Widened
- *prone to tracheal collapse
11
Q
Diseases of cats
A
- Viral diseases
- Cryptococcus
- Polyps
12
Q
Viral respiratory diseases in cats
A
- Feline Herpes virus 1
- Feline Calicivirus
- *can’t differentiate clinically from one another
- *mucopurulent nasal discharge
13
Q
Feline Herpes virus 1
A
- *BILATERAL runny, watery nasal discharge
- Slight eye discharge
- If get secondary bacterial infection=thicker nasal discharge
- *can cause more significant disease
o Conjunctivitis
14
Q
Feline Calicivirus
A
- Can cause sever ULCERATION of the mouth (pharynx, upper respiratory tract)
- Bilateral nasal discharge
15
Q
Bronchopneumonia
A
- Pneumonia associated with bacterial infections
- *often those that have a previous viral infection