7

Question 1

define lactogenesis 1

Answer 1

breast development and colostrum production from 16 weeks gestation onwards

Question 2

what is oxytocin, what influences its levels

Answer 2

hormone responsible for milk delivery

acts on muscle cells in pulsatile action

levels higher when baby near

stress can temporarily delay

Question 3

what is this clinical presentation suggestive of:

- persistent burning/ aching @ vulvar area

Answer 3

vulvodynia

Question 4

what is prolactin, what influences its levels

Answer 4

hormone responsible for milk production

responsive to touch and stimulation

levels higher at night

Question 5

define frequent menstrual cycle

Answer 5

<24 days

Question 6

fetal complications in pre-eclampsia

Answer 6

• impaired placental perfusion
• fetal distress
• prematurity
• increased PN mortality

Question 7

what is Pteronophobia

Answer 7

fear of being tickled by feathers

Question 8

organism responsible for erythrasma

Answer 8

corynebacterium minutissimum

Question 9

posthitis

Answer 9

infection of foreskin

Question 10

balantitis

Answer 10

infection of glands penis

Question 11

describe lichen planus

Answer 11

non-infective itchy rash which can be associated with swelling

Question 12

what could this be a presentation of?

purplish, itchy, flat bumps that develop over several weeks

Answer 12

lichen planus

Question 13

describe placenta praevia

Answer 13

all or part of placenta implants in lower uterine segment

Question 14

main causes of primary post partum haemorrhage

Answer 14

4Ts:

• tone
• trauma
• tissue
• thrombin

Question 15

unique attributes of breast feeding

Answer 15

• immunoglobulins
• viral fragments
• white cells
• enzymes
• oligosaccharides
• bifidus factor
• hormones
• anti-inflammatory nucleotides

Question 16

investigations for pelvic organ prolapse

Answer 16

• examination
• USS
• MRI
• urodynamics
• renal USS

Question 17

pregnancy hormones with anti-insulin action

Answer 17

• cortisol
• progesterone
• human placental lactogen
• human chorionic gonadotrophin

Question 18

clinical criteria for diagnosing pre-eclampsia

Answer 18

• severe hypertension + >3 of:
• proteinuria
• clonus/ brisk reflexes
• papillodema
• epigastric tenderness
• reduced urine output
• convulsions

Question 19

purpose of third trimester assessment

Answer 19

• primarily to ensure foetal well being

- no USS

Question 20

what can be used to assess risk of neural tube defect

Answer 20

alpha-feto-protein

> 2 = abnormal

Question 21

circumstances in which you would consider natural delivery for breech presentation

Answer 21

• first baby born head first

Question 22

management chlamydia

Answer 22

1 day doxycycline

1 day azithromycin