18

Question 1

presentation vulvovaginal candidiasis

Answer 1

thrush:

• itching
• discharge (cottage cheese)

Question 2

describe type 1 endometrial cancer

Answer 2

endometrioid adenocarcinoma

• commonest
• obese women
• younger
• hyperplasia

Question 3

what happens in phenylketonuria

Answer 3

• babies unable to breakdown phenylalanine

- untreated babies develop serious, irreversible mental disability

Question 4

surgical management of PPH

Answer 4

• B Lynch suture
• ligation of uterine/ iliac vessels
• hysterectomy

Question 5

pathological prognostic features for endometrial cancer

Answer 5

• histological type
• histological grade
• stage
• lymphovascular space invasion

Question 6

management cryptorchidism

Answer 6

orchiopexy

Question 7

describe monochorionic/ mono amniotic twins

Answer 7

fertilised ova cleaves but the babies share an amniotic sac and chorium
cleavage >8 days

Question 8

when can ulipristal pill be taken as emergency contraception

Answer 8

<120hours

Question 9

maternal complications of eclampsia

Answer 9

• seizures
• cerebral haemorrhage
• stroke
• HELLP
• renal failrue
• pulmonary oedema
• cardiac failure

Question 10

urinary incontinence management

Answer 10

• pelvic floor exercises
• reduce caffeine intake
• weight loss
• stop smoking
• increase fibre
• physio
• surgery

Question 11

describe shoulder dystocia

Answer 11

after delivery of head, shoulders of fetes become stuck on maternal pubic symphysis

Question 12

what happens in medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency

Answer 12

babies cannot easily break down fat for energy

serious when baby not feeling/ feeding well

25% mortality

Question 13

describe use of injectable progestogen as contraception

Answer 13

• deep IM every 13 weeks
• makes cervix hostile to sperm
• delay in return to fertility
• osteoporosis
• weight gain

Question 14

describe medical abortion

Answer 14

• from 5-24 weeks
• miferpristone + misoprostol
• initiates uterine contraction 36-48 hours later opening cervix and expelling pregnancy

Question 15

describe monochorionic/ diamniotic twins

Answer 15

1 chromium, individual amniotic sacs

cleavage 4-8 days

Question 16

impact of thalidomide on babies

Answer 16

moderate –> severe malformation

• phocomelia
• dysmelia
• Amelia
• bone hypo plasticity

Question 17

phocomelia

Answer 17

hands or feet are attached close to the trunk, the limbs being grossly underdeveloped or absent.

Question 18

dysmelia

Answer 18

group of malformations in which there is hypoplasia, and partial or total aplasia of the tubular bones of the extremities, ranging from isolated peripheral hypoplasia to complete loss of the extremity.

Question 19

amelia

Answer 19

absence of all four limbs

Question 20

define 3rd degree vaginal tear

Answer 20

through to external anal sphincter

Question 21

causes of herpes (HSV)

Answer 21

only skin contact needed

Question 22

The tiny pocket in jeans was made for pocket watches.

Answer 22

madness