23

Question 1

explain APGAR score

Answer 1

appearance
pulse
grimace
activity
respiration

Question 2

anti-hypertensives ideal for use in pregnancy

Answer 2

• labetolol
• nifedipine
• methyldopa

Question 3

management of infertility females

Answer 3

• weight loss/ gain
• clomifene
• gonadotrophins
• IVF

Question 4

clomiphene

Answer 4

used to induce ovulation (egg production) in women who do not produce ova (eggs) but wish to become pregnant

Question 5

describe how conjoined twins arise

Answer 5

fertilised ova cleaves >12 days

Question 6

define varicocele

Answer 6

• dilation of pampiniform plexus of spermatic veins in the scrotum

Question 7

bladder storage nerve supply and innervation type

Answer 7

sympathetic

T10-12

Question 8

affect human chorionic gonadotrophin on insulin

Answer 8

anti-insulin

Question 9

management of overactive bladder syndrome

Answer 9

• antimuscarinincs
• TCA
• neuromodulation
• botox

Question 10

define secondary amenorrhoea

Answer 10

absence of periods >6 months (12 if previous irregular periods/ normally >6weeks between)

Question 11

presentation opiate use in pregnancy baby when born

Answer 11

withdrawal

reduced resp rate

Question 12

define concealed haemorrhage

Answer 12

haemorrhage occurring between placenta and uterine wall causing uterine contents to increase in volume

Question 13

syphilis investigations

Answer 13

• blood sample

- charcoal swab

Question 14

management of herpes

Answer 14

• most clear up on their own

- aciclovir

Question 15

define acute chorioamionitis

Answer 15

neutrophils present in membranes, cord and fatal plate of placenta

Question 16

management of bacterial vaginosis

Answer 16

metronidazole or clindamycin

Question 17

presentation of lichen sclerosis

Answer 17

patches on skin which are usually:

• itchy
• white
• smooth or crinkled
• easily damaged

Question 18

what happens in medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency

Answer 18

can’t easily break down fat for energy

25% mortality

Question 19

describe type 1 endometrial cancer

Answer 19

• commonest
• endometriosis adenocarcinoma
• obese women
• younger
• hyperplasia

Question 20

purpose of first trimester USS (11-14)

Answer 20

• gestational age
• diagnose miscarriage
• identify multiple pregnancy
• exclude other abnormalities e.g. ectopic
• detect major structural abnormalities

Question 21

potential causes vulvovaginitis

Answer 21

• poor personal hygiene
• lack of oestrogen
• chemical irritation

Question 22

A group of hedgehogs is called a prickle

Answer 22

spikey bois