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302 MEDIMAGE > 6a. Pelvis HAL - Acland Videos > Flashcards

6a. Pelvis HAL - Acland Videos Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 short hip rotator muscles

A

piriformis and obturator internus/externus

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2
Q

what 4 bony surfaces do the short hip rotator muscles arise from

A

inner surface of sacrum
inner and outer surface of area around obturator foramen
outer surface of ischium

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3
Q

where do the short hip rotator muscles converge on

A

small area on back of femur just medial to greater trochanter

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4
Q

where does the piriformis arise from

A

sacrum

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5
Q

how does the piriformis leave the pelvis what does it travel with

A

through greater sciatic foramen with sciatic nerve

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6
Q

where does the piriformis insert

A

high up on the medial aspect of the greater trochanter

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7
Q

what other structure is the piriformis closely related to

A

sciatic nerve

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8
Q

where do the 2 obturator muscles lie

A

either side of the obturator membrane

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9
Q

where does the obturator externus arise from

A

adjoining edge of ischio-pubic ramus

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10
Q

where does the obturator externus travel relative to the femur

A

backwards beneath the neck of femur

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11
Q

the tendon of the obturator externus passes in what direction to reach insertion

A

Tendon passes laterally to reach insertion b

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12
Q

where is the insertion of the obturator externus

A

below piriformis

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13
Q

where does the obturator internus travel in the pelvis

A

goes around the back of the ischium from inside the pelvis

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14
Q

where does the obturator internus arise from

A

wide area on the ilium and ischium and from the obturator membrane

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15
Q

where does the obturator internus leave the pelvis by

A

lesser sciatic foramen

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16
Q

how does the obturator internus pass around the back of the ischium

A

90 degree turn

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17
Q

the obturator internus pass around the back of what part of the pelvis bones

A

back of ischium

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18
Q

the obturator internus is joined above and below by what 2 muscles

A

gemellus superior and inferior

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19
Q

where does the gluteus minimus arise from

A

wing of ilium

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20
Q

where does the gluteus minimus insert

A

on the front of the greater trochanter

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21
Q

what is the gluteus medius location relative to the gluteus minimus

A

overlies the gluteus minimus

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22
Q

where does the gluteus medius arise from

A

ilium

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23
Q

where does the gluteus medius insert

A

on the outer aspect of the greater trochanter

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24
Q

what is the function of the gluteus medius

what else can it do

A

mainly abductor but anterior part

can also produce medial rotation at the hip

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25
Q

what is the tensor fascia lata

A

continuous sheet of dense fibrous tissue that surrounds all the muscles of the thigh

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26
Q

what is the ilio-tibial tract

A

thickening of the fascia lata along the outer aspect of the thigh

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27
Q

where does the ilio-tibial tract extend from and to

A

The ilio-tibial tract extends all the way from the ilium, down to the tibia

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28
Q

between the muscles and it attaches what to the femur

A

Between the muscles is a strong fibrous septum, which attaches the ilio-tibial tract to the femur

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29
Q

what 2 muscles does the ilio-tibial tract act as the insertion of

A

The ilio-tibial tract acts as the tendon of insertion of two muscles, the gluteus maximus, and the tensor fascia lata

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30
Q

where does the tensor fascia lata arise from

A

Tensor fascia lata arises from the iliac crest

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31
Q

where does the tensor fascia lata insert in

A

inserts on the iliotibial tract

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32
Q

where does the psoas major muscle arise from

A

transverse processes of all 5 lumbar vertebrae and side of the intervertebral discs and adjoining vertebral bodies

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33
Q

what muscle passes downward together with the psoas major muscle

A

iliacus

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34
Q

the iliacus and psoas major muscle travels down and travels over and under what 2 structures

A

over superior pubic ramus

under inguinal ligament

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35
Q

the iliacus and psoas major pass in what 2 directions and insert where

A

passes downward and backward to insert on the lesser trochanter

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36
Q

the contraction of the iliacus and psoas major muscles have what function

A

flexion of the hip joint

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37
Q

when the limb is free to move flexion does what to the thigh

A

bring thigh forward

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38
Q

when the limb is fixed flexion does what to the thigh

A

flexion of both hips bring body upright

39
Q

what is the femoral triangle bounded by laterally

A

sartorius

40
Q

what is the femoral triangle bounded by medially

A

adductor longus

41
Q

what is the femoral triangle bounded by superiorly

A

inguinal ligament

42
Q

what 2 muscles are in the depths of the triangle pectineus

A

psoas major and iliacus

43
Q

what is the main artery to the lower extremity

A

external iliac artery

44
Q

what path does the external iliac artery travel along in relation to the psoas major and inguinal ligament

A

along pelvic brim just medial to psoas major and passes beneath the inguinal ligament

45
Q

what is the name of the artery when the external iliac artery goes below the inguinal ligament

A

femoral artery

46
Q

the femoral vein lies where relative to the femoral artery as it passes beneath the inguinal ligament

A

veins lie medial to fem artery

47
Q

the external iliac and internal iliac merge to from what vein

A

common iliac vein

48
Q

the 2 common iliac join to the right of what and what structure does it form

A

to the right of the aortic bifurcation

forms the IVC

49
Q

the right common iliac artery passes anterior to what vessel

A

left common iliac vein

50
Q

the IVC runs in what direction in relation to the midline

A

to the right of the midline

51
Q

the IVC lies of which vertebral bodies

A

L4 to T12

52
Q

the IVC passes through what structure to enter what aspect of the heart

A

through the diaphragm to enter the right atrium

53
Q

below the bladder in the male pelvis is what organ

A

prostate

54
Q

when the bladder is full it does what and when its empty what does it do

A 
full = rise into lower abdomen
empty = flatten out
55
Q

the bladder has covering of peritoneum where

A

only on its upper surface

56
Q

what structure is behind the bladder

A

rectum

57
Q

the ureter enters the bladder where and passes through the bladder wall in what direction

A

enters the bladder out to the side

passes through the bladder wall obliquely

58
Q

the ductus deferens comes around and widens to form what

A

ampulla

59
Q

what structure is lateral to the ampulla of the ductus deferens

A

seminal vesicle

60
Q

on each side the ductus and the seminal vesicle joins to form what

A

ejaculatory duct

61
Q

what is the ejaculatory ducts path to enter the urethra

A

through the prostate to enter the urethra

62
Q

the wall of the bladder consists of what and is lined with what

A

consists of smooth muscle and lined with mucosa

63
Q

the ureter opens into the bladder obliquely at what structure

A

ureteric ostium

64
Q

urine leaves the bladder through what structure to enter the urethra

A

through internal urethral meatus

65
Q

the projection just above the urethral meatus is what

A

uvula

66
Q

the mucosal lining of the bladder is in what formation and what happens to it when the bladder fills

A

irregular folds which flatten out as the bladder fills

67
Q

what is the mucosal layer like in the trigone

A

relatively flat

68
Q

where is the trigone

A

triangular area between the ureteric and urethral openings

69
Q

in the male the first part of the urethra passes in what direction through what organ

A

downwards through prostate

70
Q

the prostate consists of what tissue and is interlaced with what tissue

A

smooth muscle

interlaced with glandular tissue

71
Q

what does the prostate secrete

A

portion of the seminal fluid

72
Q

where does the urethra emerge in the male pelvis

A

apex of prostate

73
Q

what is the proximal path of the urethra and what direction does it travel through the sling of muscle that forms the pelvic diaphragm

A

membranous urethra passes downwards

74
Q

the levator prostatae is the most __ and ___ part of the pubococcygeus

A

anterior and medial

75
Q

what is the pubococcygeus a part of

A

levator ani muscle complex

76
Q

in the female pelvis what is behind the bladder and what is above the bladder

A 
behind = vagina
above = uterus
77
Q

what is directly behind the vagina in the female pelvis

A

rectum

78
Q

what is the length of the female urethra and what is it surrounded by

A

short

surrounded by external urethral sphincter muscle

79
Q

the urethra of the female runs in what direction relative to the vagina

A

runs parallel to the vagina

80
Q

the vagina and urethra pass through what structure

A

pelvic diaphragm

81
Q

the external urethral meatus opens into what structure

A

opens into vestibule of the vagina

82
Q

viewing downwards and backwards into the female pelvic cavity what is behind the uterus

A

sigmoid colon

83
Q

viewing downwards and backwards into the female pelvic cavity what is in front of the uterus

A

bladder

84
Q

what is the highest part of the uterus

A

fundus

85
Q

what parts of the uterus are covered by peritoneum

A

body and fundus

86
Q

what tethers the uterus to the pelvis wall

A

on each side the broad ligament tethers the uterus to the side wall of the pelvis

87
Q

what is the pouch of douglas

A

lowest point in the peritoneal cavity recess

88
Q

what is the vesico-uterine pouch

A

recess in front of the uterus

89
Q

what is another name for the pouch of douglas

A

recto-uterine pouch

90
Q

the distinct ligaments that are attached to the uterus pass in what direction to tether the uterus to the pelvis walls

A

forward, laterally and backward

91
Q

the lowest part of the uterus is what

A

cervix

92
Q

the cervix projects where in relation to the vagina

A

down into vagina and projects into the vagina

93
Q

what is the recess around the cervix between the cervix and the vaginal wall

A

the vaginal fornix

94
Q

what is the center of the cervix

A

ostium/external os of the uterus

302 MEDIMAGE (20 decks)

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