6.8-6.11 Flashcards
Using the Earth’s resources while not causing permanent damage to the environment
Sustainability
Policies that combat urban sprawl and create a new vision for cities that are more sustainable and equitable
Smart growth policies
Set of strategies to put smart growth into action within communities. Strategies include creating human-scale neighborhoods, reclaiming neglected spaces, giving access on multiple modes of transportation, increase affordable housing
New urban design
Areas of undeveloped land around an urban area,have been created to limit a city’s growth and preserve farmland
Greenbelts
Areas that adopt policies to slow the outward spread of urban areas and places limits on building permits in order to encourage a denser more compact city
Slow-growth cities
Areas that don’t have a clear separation between residential and commercial uses created by zoning, but have a mix of homes and businesses. Vibrant,livable, and walk-able. Homes would include a variety of sizes and price ranges to create a socially diverse community.
Mixed-use neighborhoods
The process of building up underused land within a city, the opposite of leap-frog development
Urban infill
A set of principles that supports sustainable urban designs. These communities have affordable and equitable housing, access to employment and community services, multiple and accessible transportation modes, and social civic engagement
Livability
A concept which locates mixed-use residential and business communities near mass transit stops. Resulting in a series of more compact communities which decreases the need for automobiles.
Transit-oriented development(TOD)
Information that can be counted, measured, or sequences by numeric value
Quantative data
Date based primarily on surveys, field studies, photos, videos, and interviews, from people who provide personal perceptions and meaningful descriptions
Qualitative data
The process by which banks refuse loans to those who want to purchase and improve properties in certain urban areas
Redlining
occurs when people live in seperate neighborhoods based on their ethnicity or race
Racial segregation
When people of an ethnic group sold their homes upon learning that members of another ethnic group were moving into the neighborhood
Blockbusting
Areas of poverty occupied by a minority group as a result of discrimination
Ghettos
Offers incentives for developers to set aside a percentage of housing for low-income renters or buyers
Inclusionary zoning
An approach that city’s use to alleviate the problems of public housing. In this approach, of the city or governement provided rental assistance for individuals to disperse public housing through out the area
Scattered sites
A policy that allows governments to clear out the blighted inner-city slums, which usually displaced the residents to low-income governments housing complexes and built new development projects
Urban renewal
legal concept that allows the government to claim private property from individuals, pay them for the property, and then use the land for the public good
Eminent domain
The process of converting an urban inner-city neighborhood from a mostly low-income, renter occupied area to a predominantly wealthier owner-occupied area of a city
Gentrification
Densely populated areas in the periphery of cities built without coordinated planning and without sufficient public services for electricity, water, and sewage
Informal settlements
The legal protection of contracts to show ownership of the land or structures
Land tenure
Areas of a city that have been deserted by their owners for either economic or environmental reasons. In some extreme cases, entire cities have been abandoned usually because of disasters.
Zones of abandonment
A problem facing many poor communities worldwide,The disproportionate exposure of minorities and the poor to pollution and its impacts, plus the unequal protection of their rights under the law.
Environmental injustice(environmental racism)
