5.5-5.9

Question 1

During the mid 20th century when there was an expansion of mechanized farming,new global agriculture systems, and information and technology that furthered previous advances in agricultural production

Answer 1

Third Agricultural Revolution

Question 2

The advancement in plant biology of the mid 20th century

Answer 2

Green Revolution

Question 3

The process of breeding two plants that have desirable characteristics to produce a single seed with both characteristics

Answer 3

Hybridization

Question 4

A process in which humans use engineering techniques to change the DNA of seeds

Answer 4

Genetically modified organism(GMO)

Question 5

The distance decay relationship between proximity to the urban market and the value of land, the closer the land is to an urban center the more valuable the land

Answer 5

Bid-rent theory

Question 6

A type of agriculture that uses expensive machinery and other inputs

Answer 6

Capital intensive

Question 6

A type of agriculture that produces a large amount of quantities and relies on low paid workers

Answer 6

Labor intensive

Question 7

A type of capital intensive livestock operation in which many animals are kept in close quarters, and bred and fed in a controlled environment

Answer 7

Factory farming

Question 7

A type of intensive farming where fish,shellfish, or water plants are raised in netted areas in the sea,tanks

Answer 7

Aquaculture(aqua farming)

Question 8

Planting and harvesting a crop two times per year on the same piece of land

Answer 8

Double cropping

Question 9

When farmers grow two or more crops simultaneously on the same field

Answer 9

Intercropping(multicropping)

Question 10

When only one crop is grown or one type of animal is raised per season on a piece of land. The opposite of multicropping

Answer 10

Monoculture

Question 10

Confined spaces in which cattle and hog have limited movement, also called concentrated animal feeding operation(CAFOS)

Answer 10

Feedlots

Question 11

When farmers grow one type of crop or raise one type of animal year after year. Also called continuous monoculture

Answer 11

Monocropping

Question 12

Farms run as corporations, and the globalization of agriculture

Answer 12

Agribusiness

Question 13

Corporations that operate in many countries

Answer 13

Transnational corporations

Question 14

The ownership of other businesses involves in the steps of producing a particular good

Answer 14

Vertical integration

Question 14

A process used by corporations to gather resources, transform them into goods, and then transport them to consume

Answer 14

Commodity chain

Question 15

An increase in efficiency to lower the per-unit cost, resulting in greater profit

Answer 15

Economies of scale

Question 16

The number of people that farmers can support given the available resources

Answer 16

Carrying capacity

Question 17

Transportation networks that keep food cool throughout a trip

Answer 17

Cool chains

Question 18

A key component of economic geography, that deals with why people chose certain locations for various types of economic activity

Answer 18

Location theory

Question 19

An economic model that suggests a pattern for the types of products that farmers would produce at different positions relative to the market where they sold their goods

Answer 19

von Thunen model

Question 20

An area that is flat and featureless with similar fertility and climate throughout

Answer 20

Isotropic plain

Question 21

An economy where supply and demand, not government policy, determine the outcome of competition for land

Answer 21

Free-market economy

Question 21

A type of agriculture that includes market gardening(truck gardening), and dairy farming

Answer 21

Horticulture

Question 22

A graph used to determine the starting position for each land use relative to the market, as well as where each land use would end

Answer 22

Bid-price curve(bid-rent curve)

Question 23

Naturally occurring beneficial conditions, that would prompt farmers to plant crops differently from these predictions by von Thumens model

Answer 23

Comparative advantage

Question 24

All the steps required to get a product or service to a customer

Answer 24

Supply chain

Question 25

Crops not essential to human survival that have a high profit margin

Answer 25

Luxury chain(crop)

Question 26

The use of economic, political, and social pressures to control former colonies. This can be one way to describe the current state of global food distribution

Answer 26

Neocolonialism

Question 27

A movement that promoted higher incomes for producers and more sustainable farming practices. This started with the fair trade certificates for coffee in 1988

Answer 27

Fair trade movement

Question 28

Public financial support, to farmers to safeguard food production

Answer 28

Subsidies

Question 29

Roads,bridges,tunnels,ports,electricial grids,sewers,telecommunications,etc of a country

Answer 29

Infrastructure