5.1-5.4

Question 1

the process by which humans alter the landscape in order to raise crops and livestock for consumption and trade

Answer 1

Agriculture

Question 2

the long term weather patterns in a region

Answer 2

Climate

Question 2

a type of agriculture when the primary goal is to grow/raise enough food and livestock to meet the immediate needs of farmers and families

Answer 2

Subsistence agriculture

Question 2

a type of agriculture when the goal is to raise enough crops and livestock to sell for profit

Answer 2

Commercial agriculture

Question 2

a type of agriculture in which farmers/ranchers use large amounts of inputs(energy,labor,machines,fertilizer) to maximize yeilds

Answer 2

Intensive agriculture

Question 2

a type of agriculture in which they use fewer amounts of inputs and typically result in less yields

Answer 2

Extensive agriculture

Question 3

a type of agriculture in which they use heavy investments in labor and capital, which results in high yields and profit

Answer 3

Intensive commercial agriculture

Question 4

a type of intensive agriculture that is labor and animal intensive using low paid human labor and NOT machines

Answer 4

Intensive subsistence agriculture

Question 4

a type of agriculture where few inputs are used, that is often used in climate extremes. Examples of this are nomadic herding, and shifting cultivation

Answer 4

Extensive subsistent agriculture

Question 4

a type of extensive agriculture where theres a low input of resources with a goal of selling for profit

Answer 4

Extensive commercial agriculture

Question 4

the money invested in land,equipment, and machines

Answer 4

Capital

Question 5

a type of subsidence agriculture that is practiced in arid and semi-arid climates, and relys on animals. Farmers move their herds to different pastures

Answer 5

Pastoral nomadism

Question 5

a type of subsistent extensive farming where farmers grow crops on a piece of land for a year or two then move to a new land

Answer 5

Shifting cultivation

Question 5

this type of intensive commercial agriculture used a large commercial farm that specializes in one crop, and exploits low wage labor

Answer 5

Plantation

Question 6

an intensive commercial, integrated system that demonstrates independence between crops and animals

Answer 6

Mixed crop and livestock farming

Question 6

a type of farming where wheat is produced in dry regions like prairies and plain

Answer 6

Grain farming

Question 6

a type of intensive farming, where traditional crops are driven to local markets and solf. Now because of refrigeration, these products can be sold to distant markets. Also called truck farming

Answer 6

Commercial gardening

Question 7

A type of intensive farming where fruits and vegetables are grown near an urban local market and sold to local suppliers,stores, and restaurants

Answer 7

Market gardening

Question 8

a type of farming that originally was local to small geographic area, now its different due to refrigeration and transportation

Answer 8

Dairy farming

Question 9

the geographic distance that milk is delivered

Answer 9

Milk shed

Question 9

a type of farming practiced in regions with hot dry summers,mild winters, and narrow valleys with some irrigation

Answer 9

Mediterranean agriculture

Question 10

the seasonal herding of animals from higher elevations in summer and lower elevations in the winter

Answer 10

Transhumance

Question 10

commercial grazing of animals confined to a specific area, typically in areas too dry to grow crops in large quantities

Answer 10

Livestock ranching

Question 10

groups of homes located near each other in a village with a strong sense of place and services

Answer 10

Clustered(Nucleated) settlements

Question 11

patterns in which farmers lived in homes spread throughout the countryside

Answer 11

Dispersed settlements

Question 12

patterns in which buildings and human activities are organized close to a body of water or along transportation routes

Answer 12

Linear settlements

Question 13

a way of describing plot boundaries

Answer 13

Metes and bounds

Question 14

surveys that create rectangular plots of consistent size

Answer 14

Public land survey system/Township and range system

Question 15

areas six miles long and six miles wide

Answer 15

Township

Question 15

each square mile of a township that consists of 640 acres

Answer 15

Section

Question 16

an area where farms were long, thin, sections of land that ran perpendicular to rivers
ex.Quebec, and Louisiana

Answer 16

French long-lot system

Question 17

the origin of farming when plants and animals were domesticated, the main type of farming was subsistence

Answer 17

First(neolithic) agriculture revolution

Question 18

when dogs and horses were used for protection, work, and transportation

Answer 18

Animal domestication

Question 19

when people first started using parts of stems or roots of existing plants to grow others

Answer 19

Plant domestication

Question 20

The first major hearth of agriculture

Answer 20

Fertile crescent

Question 20

when crops and animals were domesticated in multiple regions with seemingly no interaction among the people

Answer 20

Independent innovation

Question 21

the global movement of plants and animals between afro-eurasia and the americas

Answer 21

Colombian exchange

Question 22

during this time food supply grew as well as the population, mechanized and improved knowledge of fertilizers helped this

Answer 22

Second agriculture revolution

Question 23

a series of laws enacted by the british government that enable land owners to purchase and enclose land for their own use

Answer 23

Enclosure acts

Question 24

the technique of planting different crops in a specific sequence on the same plot of land in order to restore nutrients back into the soil

Answer 24

Crop rotation

Question 25

the process of applying controlled amounts of water to crops using canals,pipes,sprinklers,systems, or other human made devices rather than relying on rainfall

Answer 25

Irrigation