2.10-2.12 Flashcards
each migration flow produces a movement in the opposite direction
Counter migration
Ravenstein’s laws developed this. Assumes the size and distance between two cities or countries will influence the travel, migration, and economic activity
Gravity model of migration
barriers that make reaching their desired destination more dificult
Intervening obstacles
Opportunities en route that disrupt their original migration plan
Intervening opportunity
Zelinsky’s theory, argues that countries in stages 2 or 3 in the demographic transition model experiences rapid population growth and overcrowding,this limits the economic opportunities of the people and acts as a push factor. They migrate to crowded stage 4 of 5 countries
Migration Transition model
Negative circumstances, events, or conditions present where they live that compels a person to leave
Push factor
Once migrant decide to leave, they usually choose a destination based on its positive conditions and circustances
pull factor
Immigrants moving back to their former home
return migration
When migrants move from rural to urban areas. This is very common today
Rural-to-urban migration
When migrants reach their eventual destination through a series of smaller steps
Step migration
When people move by choice
Voluntary migration
A protection granted by one country to an immigrant from another country who has a legitimate fear of harm or death if they return
Asylum
When people migrate and settle in a new country, and decide to move where others from their home country,family members,friends, or those from their culture group settled
Chain Migration
Transnational migrants who relocate to a new country to provide labor that isn’t available locally
Guest Worker
Migration that is involuntary
Forced migration
When migrants move to another part of the same country- forced migration
Internally displaced persons(IDPs)
Movement that occurs within a country
Internal Migration
People who cross international borders
Refugee
The process of herders moving with their animals to different pastures during difficult seasons
Transhumance
When people move from one country to another
Transnational Migration
When people chose to relocate
Voluntary Migration
When migration out of a country is made up of many high skilled people
Brain Drain
Neighborhoods filled primarily with people of the same ethnic group
ex.Little Italy, China Town
Ethnic Enclaves
Policies that allow migrants to sponsor family members who migrate to the country
Family Reunification
When migrants send money to family and friends n the country they left
Remittances
Policies that regulate the number of workers who can temporarily enter each country to work in specific industries for a defined amount of time
Guest-worker Policies
A strong dislike of people of another culture
Xenophobia
when people migrate away from somewhere
Emigrate migration
