6.1-6.4 Flashcards
The permanently inhabited portion of earths surface
Ecumene
Areas with low concentration of people
ex. farms+villages
Rural
Areas with high concentrations of people
ex.cities
Urban
Primarily residential areas near cities
Suburbs
A place with permanent human population
Settlements
An ongoing process that does not end once a city is formed
Urbanization
An indicator of the proportion of the population that lives in cities and towns as compared to those that live in rural areas
Percent urban
The characteristics at the immediate location
ex. physical features, climate, labor force, human structures
Site
The location of a place relative to its surroundings and its connectivity to other places
ex.near a gold mine, on the coast, by a railroad
Situation
An area that consists of an urban center(city) and its surroundings territory and agricultural villages
City-state
An area generally associated with defensible sites and river valleys in which seasonal flooding and fertile soil allows for agricultural surplus
Urban hearth
A central city plus land developed for commercial, industrial, or residential purposes, and includes the surrounding suburbs
Urban area
A higher density area with territory inside officially recognized political boundaries
City
A collection of adjacent cities economically connected, across where population density is high
Metropolitan area(metro area)
An area that consists of at least 50,000 people and has a high degree of social and economic integration or connection with the urban core
Metropolitan stastical area(MSA)
An area that consists of at least 10000 people and has a high degree of social and economic integration or connection with the urban core
Micropolitan stastical area
A focal point in a matrix of connections
Nodal region
When a population of people has a greater variety of people
Social heterogeneity
Idea that technological advancements, particularly in transportation and communication, have reduced the relative distance between places
Time-space compression
A model that describes urban growth based on transportation technology. Each new form of technology produced a new system that changed how people moved themselves and goods in between urban areas
Borchert’s transportation model
Cities shaped by the distances people can walk
Pedestrian cities
Communities that grew up along rail lines, emerged often creating pinwheel shaped cities
Streetcar suburbs
The process of people moving, usually from cities, to residential areas on the outskirt of cities
Suburbanization
The rapid expansion of the spatial extent of a city that occurs because of suburbanization growth, the result is lower costs, less population density,weak laws, and car growth
Sprawl
When developers purchase land and build communities beyond the periphery of the cities built area
Leap-frog development
Rapidly growing communities that have a total population of over 100,000 people, and arent the largest city in the metro area
Boom burbs(boomburgs)
Nodes of economic activity that have developed in the periphery of large cities
Edge cities
The counter flow of urban residents leaving cities
Counter-urbanization(Deurbanization)
The prosperous residential districts beyond the suburbs
Exurbs
When some suburbanites return to live in the city
Reurbanization
A continuous urban area with a population greater than 20 million people.Attributes of a network of urban areas that have grown together to form a larger interconnected urban system
Metacities(hyper cities)
Areas that have a large population of more than 10 million people
Megacities
An uninterrupted urban area made of towns, suburbs, and cities
Conurbation
A chain of connected cities
Megalopolis
Areas that exert influence far beyond their national boundary
ex. NY, London, Paris, Tokyo
World cities(global cities)
Ranking based on influence or population size
Urban hierarchy
Command centers on a regional and occasionally national level
Nodal cities
An interdependent set of cities that interact on the regional,national, and global scale
Urban system
A rule that describes one way in which the sizes of cities within a region may develop; states that nth largest city of any region will be 1/n the size of the largest city
Rank-size rule
Expensive services that need a large number of people to support, and are occasionally utilized
Higher-order services
Less expensive services that require a small population to support, and are used on a daily or weekly basis
Lower-order services
A city that is more than twice as large as the next largest city, and is more developed that other cities
Primate city
A model that states that larger and closer places will have more interactions that places that are smaller and farther from each other; the larger one has primacy or priority
Gravity model
A theory that explains the distribution of cities of different sizes across a region
Central place theory
A location where people go to receive good sand services
Central place
A zone that contains people who will purchase goods or services, surrounds each central place bigger than lower order services
Market area
Something that describes market areas by the shape being square-for people at the corners- and a circle- overlapping areas of service
Hexagon hinterlands
The size of a population necessary for any particular service to exist and remain profitable
Threshold
The distance people will travel to obtain specific goods and services
Range
