6.5-6.7 Flashcards
The idea that portions of an urban area-regions, or zones within a city, have specific and distinct purposes
Functional zonation
The commercial heart of a city. Often located near the physical center of the city, or the cross roads where the city was founded
Central business district(CBD)
A theory that explains agricultural land use, just as it helps explain land use in central business districts. It states the land in the center of the city will have higher value and be used more intensively than land farther away
Bid-rent theory
when commercial interests benefit each other
ex. restaurants+theaters, clothing+shoe stores
Commensal relationship
Areas where people live
Residential zones
A model that describes a city as a series of rings that surrounds a central business district.
Concentric Zone model/Burgess model
A model that describes how different types of land use and housing were all located near the CBD early in a city’s history. Each grew outward as the city expanded creating wedges, no rings.
Sector Model(Hoyt’s model)
A model that studied changes in cities. This model suggested that functional zonation occurred around multiple centers, or nodes.
Harris and Ullman multiple-nuclei model
A variant of the multiple-nuclei model, describes suburban neighborhoods surrounding an inner city and services by nodes of commercial activity along a ring road or beltway.
Peripheral model
A model. In it, an original CBD became surrounded by a system of smaller nodes that mimicked its function. As suburbs grew, they took on some CBD functions.
Galactic city model
Nodes of economic activity that have developed in the periphery of large cites
edge cities
Buildings usually surrounded by a complex of structures to serve the public, such as schools and soup kitchens
Mosque
fort designed to protect the city
Citadel
Traditional outdoor markets or covered bazaars
Suqs
A model used to describe Latin American cities. Places a two part CBD at the center of the city- a traditional market center adjacent to a modern-high rise center
Griffin-Ford model
High quality housing that extends outward from the core
Commercial Spine
a growing secondary sector
Mall
The outer ring of city that shows poverty
Periferico
Areas of poorly built housing
Shantytowns
neighborhoods marked by extreme poverty, homelessness, and lawlessness
Favelas(barrios)
areas not connected to city services and under the control of criminals
Disamenity zones
A type of CBD that includes malls shops clustered around narrow, twisting streets and the formal economy
Traditional CBD
A type of CBD that has broad, straight avenues and large homes, parks, and administrative centers
Colonial CBD
Thrives with curbside, carside, and stall-based businesses that often hire people temporarily and do not follow all regulations
Informal economy zone
Where small-scale merchants congregate weekly or yearly to sell their goods
periodic markets
often lack sufficient public services for electricity, water , and sewage
Informal settlements/ Squatter settlements
Describes the land use of many large cities in southeast Asia,where the focus of the modern city is often a former colonial port zone
Mcgee model
Regulations that define how property in specific geographic regions may be used
Zoning ordinances
A process of promoting growth and controlling change in land use
Urban planing
Areas of a city devoted to where people live rather than to commercial or industrial functions
Residential zones
residential areas surrounding the CBD
Inner City
Apartment buildings and town homes dominate the residential zone, which has the highest population density of the zones. As one moves further from the inner city, population and housing unit density declines.
Residential density gradient
Neighborhoods undergo transformations overtime as existing residents move out and new ones move in.
Filtering
The process by which one social group or ethnic group gradually replaces another through filtering
Invasion and succession
One way to reduce urban sprawl on the outer edges of cities
Urban infill
The movement of commerce out of cities to suburbs where rents are cheaper and commutes for employees are shorter.
Suburbanization of business
the facilities and systems that serve the population
Infrastructure
Local government of a city or town and the services it provides
Municipal
Local entity that is under the same jurisdiction
Municipality
Adding land to a city’s legally defined territory
Annexation
Act of legally joining together to form a new city
Incorportation
residential suburb or town where the majority of residents commute to a nearby city or urban area for work
Bedroom Communities
populated regions that do not fall within the legal boundary of any city or municipality
Unincorporated areas
Buses, subways, light rail, and trains that are operated by a government agency
Public transportation
