Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > 6.6 Populations and Sustainability > Flashcards

6.6 Populations and Sustainability Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the carrying capacity of a population?

A

The maximum population size that can be maintained over a period of time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What defines the carrying capacity of a population?

A

The limiting factors of the habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two types of reproductive strategies amongst species?

A
  • r

- k

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which types of strategists often experience ‘boom or bust’ population growth.

A

r Strategists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe features of r Strategists

A
  • smaller, weaker and shorter lifespans
  • produce more offspring
  • take less care of their offspring
  • often exceed the carrying capacity
  • shorter time for development and reproductive maturity
  • usually prey
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe features of k Strategists

A
  • larger, stronger and longer lifespans
  • produce less offspring
  • take more care of their offspring
  • population growth is more stable
  • longer time for development and reproductive maturity
  • usually predators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is interspecific competition?

A

Competition between members of different species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is intraspecific competition?

A

Competition between members the same species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which type of competition will decrease population size and is fundamental to natural selection?

A

Intraspecific competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When can interspecific competition happen?

A

When species have overlapping niches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a niche

A

An organisms specific role in the ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What affects the extent of interspecific competition

A

The extent of the overlap between the two species niches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the competitive exclusion principle

A

When 2 species can not occupy the exact same niche in an ecosystem as one species will either adapt or go extinct due to interspecific competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe preservation

A

The maintenance of habitats and ecosystems in their present condition to minimise human impact and keep them as they are to prevent any future change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe conservation

A

The active protection and management of an ecosystem so the natural resources can be used without running out and be available for future generations by maintaining biodiversity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which is a dynamic process, preservation or conservation?

A

Conservation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the difference between preservation and conservation?

A

Conservation is an active process to manage the ecosystem in order to improve biodiversity and protect resources however preservation aims to maintain the habitat as it is and minimise any future human impact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the categories of benefits from conservation?

A
  • economic (trade of resources and ecotourism)
  • social (benefits lifestyle and pleasure of humans)
  • ethical (moral duty to protect ecosystems and organisms)
  • ecological (to maintain biodiversity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Give 3 economic reasons for conservation

A
  • species provide valuable food sources
  • ecosystems provide opportunities for ecotourism
  • ecosystems provide resources that can be traded
20
Q

Describe the social reasons for conservation

A

Ecosystems are attractive and enjoyed by humans which can boost their wellbeing and health

21
Q

Describe ethical reasons for conservation

A

All organisms have a right to survival and humans have an ethical responsibility to conserve especially when humans are the cause.

22
Q

Give 4 ecological reasons for conservation

A
  • can help to prevent further climate change
  • preserve keystone species
  • prevents disruption of food chains
  • maintains genetic diversity which reduces disease susceptibility and is a useful resource in agriculture
23
Q

Describe the difference between density dependent and density independent limiting factors

A

Density independent limiting factors act as strongly regardless of the population size whereas density dependent limiting factors increase in magnitude as the population size increases

24
Q

Give an example of a density independent limiting factor

A

Temperature

25
Q

Give an example of a density dependent limiting factor

A

Food

26
Q

What mechanism occurs in the relationship between predators and prey in an ecosystem

A

Negative Feedback

27
Q

Describe the stages in a predator prey relationship

A
  • As the predator population increases, more prey are eaten
  • There is therefore less food for the predator so it becomes a limiting factor in population growth
  • Fewer predators survive and their population decreases
  • With less predators, fewer prey are being eaten so their population size increases
  • With more prey available, the predator population size then gets bigger again and the cycle continues
28
Q

Describe how in the stationary phase of growth, intraspecific competition keeps population size relatively stable

A

If the population size increases, then intraspecific competition will increase and population size will fall and vice versa

29
Q

Give 2 limits of the predator prey relationship model

A
  • In a real ecosystem, there is a more complex food chain where the predator eats many different prey
  • In a real ecosystem, there are other limiting factors to a population
30
Q

What is allelopathy

A

Competition between plants through the release of chemicals

31
Q

Define sustainability

A

The use of resources so that they can be maintained for future generations

32
Q

Describe coppicing

A

When the stem of a deciduous tree is cut close to the ground so that new shoots can grow from the surface

33
Q

Describe rotational coppicing

A

When a woodland is divided into sections and each year a different section is coppiced. In each section, some trees are left to grow larger before being harvested. These are called standards

34
Q

Explain why rotational coppicing is good for biodiversity

A

Different sections of the woodlands will provide different habitats which will increase species biodiversity. Additionally it prevents the succession of the woodland to become too dense and block out sunlight for species

35
Q

What are 2 detriments of clear felling

A
  • completely destroys habitats

- reduces soil mineral levels and causes soil erosion

36
Q

Explain why clear felling damages soil

A

There are no trees to take in water so excess water (from rain) causes soil to be washed off. This depletes soil mineral levels

37
Q

What is the modern alternative to clear felling?

A

Selective felling

38
Q

What are the principles of modern large scale timber production

A
  • any tree harvested is replaced
  • the forrest maintains it’s ecological function and diversity
  • trees are positioned at optimal distances away from each other
  • pests and pathogens are controlled
39
Q

What is an alternative to fishing

A

Aquaculture

40
Q

What are the marine stewardship councils principles for sustainable fishing

A
  • avoid overfishing and keep fish populations close to carrying capacity
  • the structure, function and biodiversity of the systems must remain
41
Q

What was implemented by the Nepalese government and the WWF

A

The Terai Arc Project

42
Q

Give methods of conservation from the Terai Arc Project

A
  • community forestry initiatives gave locals rights to exploit the forest but responsibilities to look after it
  • created forest corridors between national parks (helping survival of tigers)
  • counteracting poachers and illegal felling
43
Q

Describe methods of conservation in the Maasai Mara

A
44
Q

Describe the problem with peat bogs in the UK

A

Peat bogs are over harvested for compost but the provide a habitat for many species and have high area of biodiversity. The UKBAP aims to conserve this biodiversity

45
Q

What has caused damage to the biodiversity of the Galapagos islands

A

Increased tourism

Biology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions