6.5.4: 1H NMR Spectroscopy Flashcards
What does peaks on the 1H NMR spectrum show
How many hydrogen environments and how many hydrogens in each one.
Integration traces
Usually a red line,
Height on integration traces is proportional to the areas of the peaks.
Area under the peaks/integration traces height
Used to find the ratio of hydrogens.
Equivalent hydrogens
How many hydrogens in one environment.
Where are splitting patterns found?
In high resolution NMR
Splitting patterns
Peaks on the 1H NMR spectrum may be split into smaller peaks called multiplets.
What do splitting patterns peaks show
They spilt into the number of hydrogens on the neighbouring carbon +1. (N+1 rule)
Four types of peaks
Singlet
Doublet
Triplet
Quartet
Singlet peak
Not spilt
0 hydrogens on the adjacent carbon.
Doublet peak
1 hydrogen on the adjacent carbon.
Triplet peak
2 hydrogens on the adjacent carbon.
Quartet peak
3 hydrogens on the adjacent carbon.
What type of solvent is needed if a sample needs to be dissolved?
Proton-free solvents.
What type of proton-free solvent is often used to dissolve a sample?
Deuterated solvents
Deuterium
Has two nucleons
D
