6.3.1: Condensation polymers Flashcards
Condensation polymerisation
Involves two different types of monomer each with at least two functional groups, forms a link between groups and releases to a small molecule, lots of monomers forma polymer
Small molecules released from condensation polymerisation
examples 2
H2O, HCl
Polyamides formed by
condensation reactions between dicarboxylic acids and diamines
Nylon 6,6 formed from monomers of?
hexandoic acid and 1,6-diaminohexane
Nylon 6,6
properties and uses
strong, resilient to abrasion
used to make: clothing, carpet, rope, parachutes, airbags
Kevlar formed from monomers of?
benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid and 1,4-diaminobenzene
Kevlar
properties and uses
can form hydrogen bonds, light very strong
used to make: bullet proof vests, car tyres
Peptides
polymers of amino acids
Bond/link in polyamides
made up of?
amide link
C=O bonded to N-H
Bond/link in polypeptides
made up of?
peptide/amide link
C=O bonded to N-H
Polyesters formed from monomers of?
dicarboxylic acids and doils
Bond/link in polyesters
made up of?
ester link
C=O and -O-
Terylene formed from monomers of?
Ethane-1,2-diol and Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
Terylene
properties and uses
some forms: stable at cold and hot temps.
used in containers for ready meals
some forms: used in plastic bottles, clothing, sails, sheets
Water hydrolysis of amide links in polyamides results in formation of?
diamine and dicarboxylic acid molecules
Water hydrolysis of ester links in polyesters results in the formation of?
diol and dicarboxylic acid molecules
What is used instead of water for hydrolysis in a lab and why?
- acid or alkali
- polyamides are hydrolysed more easily in acidic condition and polyesters are hydrolysed more easily in basic conditions
- the reaction with water is too slow
Which condition for hydrolysis of polyamides
acidic
Which condition for hydrolysis of polyesters
basic
Difference in property between condensation and addition polymers
condensation polymers are generally stronger and more rigid
Why are condensation polymers stronger and more rigid than addition polymers?
condensation polymers are made up of chain containing polar bonds eg: C=O, C-N, C-O
so as well as induced dipole-dipole forces, they have very strong hydrogen bonds between polymer chains
