6.2.4: Reactions of Amines

Question 1

Two ways to produce aliphatic amines

made of and reaction (mechanism) name

Answer 1

• halogenoalkanes in a nucleophilic substitution reaction

- reducing nitriles, catalytic hydrogenation/ use of LiAlH4

Question 2

Catalytic hydrogenation

Answer 2

High temperature and pressure and a nickle or platinum catalyst used to reduce nitriles to form amines

Question 3

Example of catalytic hydrogenation
ethanenitrile
equation and product formed

Answer 3

CH3CN + 2H2 > CH3CH2NH2 (ethylamine)

Question 4

Reducing a nitrile to an amine using LiAlH4

Answer 4

LiAlH4 in dry ether, followed by some dilute acid.

Question 5

Example of reducing a nitrile to an amine using LiAlH4
ethanenitrile
equation and product formed

Answer 5

CH3CN + 4H > CH3CH2NH2 (ethylamine)

Question 6

How are aromatic amines formed

Answer 6

reducing a nitro compound such as nitrobenzene

Question 7

Example of producing phenylamine by reducing nitrobenzene

Answer 7

mix nitrobenzene w/ tin and conc. HCl and heat under reflux to produce C6H5NH3+Cl-
add NaOH to the salt
phenylamine and 2H2O formed