6.1.2: Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 1

What type of compounds are aldehydes and ketones?

Answer 1

carbonyl compounds

Question 2

Carbonyl functional group

Answer 2

C=O

Question 3

Difference between aldehydes and ketones?

Answer 3

The position of their functional group

Question 4

Aldehydes

Answer 4

Have their C=O group at the end of the carbon chain

Question 5

Ketones

Answer 5

Have their C=O group at the middle of the carbon chain

Question 6

Aldehydes suffix

Answer 6

-al

Question 7

Ketones suffix

Answer 7

-one

Question 8

Aldehydes can be oxidised to

Answer 8

carboxylic acids

Question 9

Why aren’t ketones easily oxidised

Answer 9

have to break a c-c bond

Question 10

Two reagents used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones

Answer 10

Tollens’ reagent

Fehling’s solution

Question 11

Tollens’ reagent

Answer 11

Silver nitrate dissolved in aqueous ammonia

colourless

Question 12

Tollens’ reagent test

Answer 12

Heat tollens’ reagent with an aldehyde to produce a silver mirror (precipitate)

Question 13

Fehling’s solution

Answer 13

Blue solution of complexed copper (II) ions dissolved in NaOH

Question 14

Fehling’s solution

Answer 14

Heat with an aldehyde to produce a brick-red precipitate

Question 15

Reducing agent for reduction of aldehydes and ketones

Answer 15

NaBH4

Question 16

Aldehydes reduced to…

Answer 16

primary alcohols

Question 17

Ketones reduced to…

Answer 17

secondary alcohols

Question 18

Reaction mechanism for reduction of aldehydes and ketones

Answer 18

Nuclephilic addition

Question 19

What indicates a reducing agent in equations

Answer 19

[H]