6.4 Gas Exchange

Question 1

Where does air travel to in the body

Answer 1

1. carried to lungs in trachea & bronchi
2. then to alveoli in bronchioles

Question 2

Physiological respiration

Answer 2

transporting oxygen to cells within energy production tissues

Question 3

The 3 processes in physiological respiration

Answer 3

1. Ventilation
2. Gas Exchange
3. Cell Respiration

Question 4

Ventilation

Answer 4

Exchange of air between atmosphere and lungs. - from the physical act of breathing

Question 4

Ventilation

Answer 4

Exchange of air between atmosphere and lungs. - from the physical act of breathing

Question 4

Ventilation

Answer 4

Exchange of air between atmosphere and lungs. - from the physical act of breathing

Question 4

Ventilation

Answer 4

Exchange of air between atmosphere and lungs. - from the physical act of breathing

Question 5

Gas Exchange

Answer 5

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood stream (via passive diffusion)

Question 6

Cell Respiration

Answer 6

Release of energy (ATP) from organic molecules - enhanced by presence of oxygen (aerobic)

Question 7

Purpose of ventilation system

Answer 7

gas exchange is a passive process
-> system maintains concentration gradient in alveoli

Question 8

Gas exchange of ventilation

Answer 8

1. Oxygen is consumed by cells in cell respiration, CO2 is waste product
2. O2 is constantly removed from alveoli into bloodstream. (CO2 continually released)

Question 8

Pharynx

Answer 8

Part of respiratory system,
Receives air from nose/mouth, passes to trachea

Question 9

Respiratory System

Answer 9

1. Nose/mouth > pharynx > trachea
2. Into 2 Bronchi
3. Into smaller airway system, Bronchioles
4. Finishes at air sacs, Alveolis, exchange of gas into bloodstream

Question 10

Trachea

Answer 10

Part of respiratory system
Receives air from pharynx, splits into 2 bronchi

Question 11

Bronchi

Answer 11

(Singular: Bronchus)
Part of respiratory system
Receives air from trachea, splits into right and left lung. To system of bronchioles

Question 12

Bronchioles

Answer 12

Part of respiratory system
Receives air from Bronchi, small airway system, increasing surface area. Finishes at alveoli

Question 13

Alveoli

Answer 13

Part of respiratory system
Air sacs. Receives air from bronchioles. Site of gas exchange into blood stream.

Question 14

Difference in right/left lung

Answer 14

Right lung has 3 lobes
Left lung has 2 (due to position of heart)

Question 15

Structure of alveoli

Answer 15

1. thin epithelial layer (one cell thick)
2. surrounded by a rich capillary network
3. spherical in shape
4. internal surface covered with layer of fluid

Question 16

Alveoli’s thin epithelial layer

Answer 16

to minimise diffusion distances

Question 17

Alveoli is surround by rich capillary network

Answer 17

increases the capacity for gas exchange with the blood

Question 18

Alveoli’s spherical shape

Answer 18

maximises available surface area for gas exchange

Question 19

Alveoli’s internal surface covered with layer of fluid

Answer 19

dissolved gases are better able to diffuse into the bloodstream

Question 20

continue from Pneumocytes

Answer 20

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